Single Wire Power - A Search for Ambient Power to do Wwork

[thx1138]

I saw battery terminals frost up at one stage which dropped my jaw.

I saw this reported somewhere regarding battery desulfation with a Bedini SSG circuit and looked into the desulfation process. There are 3 stages of sulfation: normal light sulfation which is remedied with normal charging and discharging; intermediate sulfation which can be remedied with higher voltage pulsing; and heavy sulfation that can be somewhat but not completely remedied with a very much higher voltage pulsing.

Sulfur from the dilute sulfuric acid electrolyte is attracted to a plate. Normal charging/discharging restores the sulfur to the electrolyte. Intermediate sulfation occurs when the battery sits unused for a time and therefore not charged/discharged to restore the electrolyte and is remedied by above normal voltage pulsing because the sulfur has not yet become too tightly bound to the plate and can still be returned to the electrolyte. As time progresses, however, the sulfur becomes more and more tightly bound and the more time elapses, the tighter the binding. This is the last stage and it requires still higher voltage to beak the bonds between the sulfur and the plate but since the sulfur is also more tightly bond with itself it does not return to the electrolyte but settles out in the bottom of the battery. Some of the sulfur returns to the electrolyte but not much which is why I said heavy sulfation can't be totally remedied.

An endothermic process is one that requires more energy to perform than that released by the reaction. So when we get into the 3rd stage desulfation the higher voltage required is inputting more energy than is released by releasing the sulfur bonds and could account for the cooling witnessed.

That scenario can also explain why the process in non-repeatable, at least in the short term. Let the battery sit long enough to reach that level of sulfation again and I imagine the same results will be observed. That, however, is not useful for continuous power generation.

This is just conjecture but I suspect that when David Bowling left his batteries hooked up to the motor there was a path through the motor to apply the 24 volts of the other 2 batteries to the third battery, possibly just by the position of the brushes on the commutator when it stopped previously. The 24 volts started the desulfation process but at first it was slow so there wasn't enough conductivity to allow the motor to run and as the desulfation progressed the conductivity went up allowing more current flow to speed up the motor. Once the 3rd battery is restored the motor is running from 36 volts!

The further I have looked into the crystal structure of battery chemistry the more I've found that we really aren't considering all the chemistry. We normally think of the battery as lead plates and sulfuric acid electrolyte. But the fact is there are quite a number of chemicals that go into producing a lead acid battery. Especially so when we are talking about flooded lead acid batteries (lead/sulfuric acid), AGM (Absorbent Glass Mat), and gel cell batteries. Then there are different chemistries for light duty, heavy duty, and deep cycle batteries.

So saying "lead acid battery" is kind of like walking into an auto parts store and telling them you need a "fuel filter". Would that be for a gasoline, diesel, LP gas, or hydrogen powered vehicle?

I deeply suspect that the anomalies being seen in the various battery charging systems are actually a facet of not completely understanding the chemical reactions going on in the battery. It would also explain why an experiment fails when the experimenter uses a gel cell battery where the original experiment was with a flooded cell battery. And once the battery is restored it would take years to reproduce the same results.

Another factor along the same lines is it's usually impossible to tell what has been added to the electrolyte over the years. I imagine everyone has put tap water into a flooded cell lead acid battery at one time or another. I know I have. What chemicals were in that tap water? I don't have a clue other than H2O. Then there's the "magic pills" to restore batteries, etc. Epsom salt is another "battery restoring chemical". Did the experimenter try any of those before he gave up on the battery and then later tried the high voltage method?

I still think there's a clue here but what it is I haven't yet determined. I just finished the MRA document. I'll have to let it rattle around in my brain for a while, read it again, and try to tie the links together. Sweet's SQM (Space Quanta Modulator) was the precursor to the VTA (Vacuum Triode Amplifier) and the SQM definitely has links to the Hendershot Magnatronic and the MGA fits in there somewhere also. I keep noticing barrium ferrite popping up in Sweet's devices and the MRA and I think John Hutchison's devices. That gets us back to crystal structures which ties to the crystal structures in lead acid batteries.

Well, at least it's an interesting merry-go-round.

[Duncan]

counterpoise .. frustration go round more like!

Thx thanks for your lengthy consideration and I suspect like the curates egg its good in parts. (As my thinking that follows may be). However I should point out that when David first tried this there really was only two batteries. One of which was totally goosed as described. If enough DC current could have been forced through the goosed battery buckled plates and lots of heat would have been the result .. IMHO your quite right something very different and unaccountable is occurring and it is that effect which is of interest to me not the vagaries of that particular experiment . I propose that rather than examine 'that which is' we sheath our swords and examine 'that which isn't'
Thx you make the observation above “the higher voltage required is inputting more energy than is released by releasing the sulphur bonds and could account for the cooling witnessed”.I beg to differ Thx ! True in 99% of cases but I don't think here . This is not DC there is a switching armature involved. You consider 'more energy' energy being watt/seconds agreed? so far so good !however the Watt is Power and that = VI cos Ø What then if that phase angle is 90 deg leading or 90deg lagging or of more particular interest anti phase ? (180deg) The states of resonance exists and as with radio at resonance energy may be received or sent (although of course this isn’t radio its series resonance .. so Its guess what? ... Its wireless you know, the system where all the theory is supressed .. huge amounts of energy may be received. But not in any form you might recognize or measure. I consider anti -phase here because I re-call that’s how quartz Xtals are driven in series resonance in UHF transceivers in order to produce an output “rich in overtones” . It is perhaps time for a counterpoise before we get to tangled in Xtals after all other systems worked and didn't require batteries or Xtals. What the other systems required without exception is a gap … (counter EMF) and tuning. I have read pages and endless pages on forums .. from countless know it all, oscilloscope hugging nay saying ' rectum orifices' .. demanding measured proof … inferring others can't use instruments .. don’t know how to measure or even basic ohms law . I believe the truth is the instruments are made to measure apples whilst we watch the effects of oranges . Volts and Amps they are the only units we have to consider. If you like the only way we have of dividing the stuff we call 'electricity' ISN'T IT ?? even AC or switched DC its still amps and volts leading or lagging … What if there’s something else my friends ? A very different sort of electricity! Another way of dividing this stuff quite apart from volts and amps to produce something with radically different effects ? This stuff exists , most have but a platonic vague comprehension of it and I don't recall any thread on the subject . It does exist in spark gaps, armature action, capacitors , motor circuits and very precisely in crystals and of course on power grids. allow me to introduce the concept of frequency division of electricity over and above the simple one dimension of volts and amps.
Harmonics and overtones Including the cumulative wave you might regard in other circumstances as the tsunami. For the moment Its really only necessary to fully understand that such a division is feasible. This subject is taught to RF techs and Power grid engineers very differently. Its a big ask to expect anyone not specific to the trades to understand what’s being expressed here still here's a power line example for your consideration
Harmonics and Harmonic Frequency in AC Circuits
Of course we are not at all interested in the reasoning or propaganda attached to power lines only that other distinctive splits are possible in the stuff we call electricity … The result being a new science! (new to us at least .. I'm sure tptb know all about it .. Its not unknown after all just suppressed) It's the major cumulative triplins which I find of interest not the additive harmonics or the subtraction of overtones … The triplens 3rd 6th and 9th Cumulative on the 6th as clearly explained on the web page ( NB ergo can be crystals driven anti-phase at resonance radio quartz xtal theory)
Again a subject matter intended for engineers specific to the subject but here for your interest is quartz Xtals driven on the 3rd overtone.
http://www.analog.com/media/en/techn...tes/EE-168.pdf
We consider something of the reverse with this battery enigma… Thousands of Xtals being driven by the overtone sequence (cemf armature action) to infinite frequencies, resonance to a sequence depending on motor speed.
"If you only knew the magnificence of the 3, 6 and 9, then you would have a key to the universe.”
Is this part of the jig saw ? I think so! but as its well known all we who research 'free energy' are lunatics so who cares anyway ? armed with these possible's how many other systems do you see working?

[mikrovolt]

Looking at waves the higher the frequency the more energy. There is an advantage in
converting to a higher frequency will increase in radiation through higher quantum state
for a given media. The term phonon is a convenient way to describe :

A phonon is a definite discrete unit or quantum of vibrational mechanical energy, just as a photon is a
quantum of electromagnetic or light energy.
Phonons and electrons are the two main types of elementary particles or excitations in solids.

It happens with a crystals at a submicro level and an array is simply more
of the same. The frequency has to do with the physical dimensions of the crystal
and the modulation has to do with the NMR.

We need to look at atom size model and use a rubber band analogy
we get past the unobservable knowing the event is too fast for the human eye
and we allow ourselves not to fear the speed. Some tend to hold on to dynamos
and oscilloscopes and other nifty devices as a safe way to control the adventure.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?featur...nYnoutKk#t=710


https://www.youtube.com/watch?featur...Q2mb1HG0#t=706

[boguslaw]

Yes, looking at higher frequencies gives us simpler and more powerful devices. There is however one catch - the higher frequency the higher speed of switching is needed. With proper elements and nanoseconds switching we could have many kW of output power with a simple looking device.
The single wire transmission has nothing to do with overunity ...

[Bob Smith]

Boguslaw,
I quite agree with you that single wire transmission is not necessarily tied to overunity. In most cases, it probably is not.

I have a question for you:
Do you think that the high frequency switching somehow approximates the high rate of oscillation in the aether, making it easier for the aether to supply charge to a HF system?

Bob

[boguslaw]

Boguslaw,
I quite agree with you that single wire transmission is not necessarily tied to overunity. In most cases, it probably is not.

I have a question for you:
Do you think that the high frequency switching somehow approximates the high rate of oscillation in the aether, making it easier for the aether to supply charge to a HF system?

Bob

Yes, look how many inventors "invented" nano-seconds switching. In fact if I have such electronics ability I would not be here, but I would be extremally busy

[Bob Smith]

Being more specific, What is it in the switching that enables a circuit to draw in energy from the ambient/aether?

The switch is the doorway between a closed system and its ability to function as an open system. In other words, the switch, when done correctly, "converts" the so-called closed system into an open system.

When this happens, the system, as closed system, might be less than 100% efficient; but as an open system, it can deliver a COP>1.

What kind of HF switching systems did Tesla use besides mechanical?

What are other kinds of switching systems exist today besides mechanical and transistor?

Bob

[thx1138]

Being more specific, What is it in the switching that enables a circuit to draw in energy from the ambient/aether?

I'm not sure that it does draw in any other energy from the ambient. The question about energy from the aether is why I'm looking at crystals. Crystals exist in latices. There will be some atoms at the vertices, the faces, and/or suspened within the lattice. What's in the spaces between the atoms? If we consider the electrons part of the atoms there must be something between outer electrons of the various atoms that make up the crystal. Vacuum or aether? If we oscillate the vertices or the faces or the suspended atoms or all three, how does that affect the aether? I'm still looking at that.

The switch is the doorway between a closed system and its ability to function as an open system. In other words, the switch, when done correctly, "converts" the so-called closed system into an open system.

When the switch is closed the system is a closed system. When the switch is open the system is an open system. What we want is a disconnect between the input (closed system) and the output (open system) so that the input system does not "see" the load so the output does not require further energy from the input. The best example I've seen is the wave forms of a quenched spark gap. There is a very brief unidirectional pulse on the input side which sets up an oscillation in the output. The quenching essentially opens the "switch" that is the gap and terminates the input so there is no oscillation between the input and output but the output continues to oscillate until the energy is expended. The unidirectional requirement for the input pulse is so that the device that created the input does not "see" the load. In quenching the spark gap the discharge of the condenser is halted so it only partially discharges and is faster to reach full charge again which allows higher pulse frequencies.

When this happens, the system, as closed system, might be less than 100% efficient; but as an open system, it can deliver a COP>1.

This is determined by the degree to which the input "sees" the output. You put one unidirectional impulse into the system and as the output continues to oscillate, or ring, that continued oscillation is the part that is COP>1. If done perfectly that first output pulse would be the same as the input pulse and all the following oscillations are the "free" energy.

What kind of HF switching systems did Tesla use besides mechanical?

His first designs were based on the spark gap alone, the charge time of the condensers, and the inductance of the coil being driven as determining factors. He then added the quenching to get faster fall times on the impulses (the disconnect).

His later designs used different names - "circuit controllers" and "circuit interruptors". Many of them used a pool of mercury as one of the electrodes. A pool of mercury has an interesting feature - is in a unidirectional conductor - i.e. a mercury pool used as one electrode in a spark gap is essentially a diode. So it was his diode before solid state devices were developed. It also has one benefit: it is truly unidirectional; there is no reverse current leakage like in a solid state diode. It's a way of creating that disconnect between the input and the output and it can handle large voltages and currents at the same time. From wikipedia: “Mercury arc rectifiers (also known as Cooper-Hewitt or Hewittic rectifiers) were extensively used to provide DC in high power applications, powers ranging from kilowatts up to a few megawatts, at voltages ranging from 110V to 30KV. Their operation is based on the discovery that an arc between a pool of mercury and a metal anode only allows current to pass in one direction.” As a rectifier it is in use continuously. When the arc is started it will maintain itself. Tesla used "squirts" of mercury into a pool of mercury to make and break the connection.

I guess those could be considered mechanical but because of the use of mercury and its unique properties when used this way I thought it worth mentioning.

He also used cathode ray tubes and designed and built some himself that put out X-rays - again, a unidirectional pulse. And this one is wireless and "one wire" but not OU. In that these can be turned on and off I guess they would qualify as a switch.

I think he probably also worked with radio active materials which are similar to X-rays in that they emit alpha, beta, and gamma rays that wirelessly carry charge unidirectionally. This wouldn't really qualify as a switch though, I guess.

You can search this site for "circuit controller" or "circuit interruptor" to see some of Tesla's patents.
Nikola Tesla Patents | Tesla Universe

[/QUOTE]What are other kinds of switching systems exist today besides mechanical and transistor?[/QUOTE]

There are people working on femto and atto second pulses these days but they are usually in multi-million dollar labs in government programs. One of the links that mikrovolt provided shows the general outline of how it works with lasers. Some of these pulse generators are the size of tractor trailers.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?featur...Q2mb1HG0#t=706

Searches on picosecond, femtosecond or attosecond switching will yield plenty of results. They are all done, as far as I can tell, with lasers. I haven't gone very far into it but I may need to if I want to "shake, rattle, and roll" those crystal lattices.

[Duncan]

switching ?

I consider what you write gentlemen .. Hi Boguslaw nice to read you again . What you ponder Boguslaw seems the same question you asked long ago turned around on its head … (what is the difference between between series and parallel resonance) In the spirit of a guy looking at a jungle I'll take a few wild swings with my machete for you
There is no switch .. no such thing exists. Its a convenience you need to abandon . One mans switch is another mans Capacitor . In just the same way one mans Dielectric is another mans electrolyte.
Consider a common TV Satellite signal. In heavy cloud or rain the signal is 'not available' Its still being broadcast of course … In those particular conditions, at that particular frequency , the signal effectively sees a short circuit … or what you call 'a closed switch' .. Its closed at those frequencies
An open switch is an equally ridiculous concept a brief inspection of the hairpin circuit should be enough to show its not a useful concept . energy is taken from the standing wave.
We are alas locked into the dimensions imposed by the mathematics we have been taught based on Trigonometry . You consider the switch is an 'absolute' There are no absolutes in this universe only a change of 'frequency response' Because the teaching of maths and science was seriously compromised in the late 1800s all these concepts are now taught as absolute. likewise there is no Sine wave , There is no square wave, There is no circle. No such thing as a straight line. The perfect mathematical construct is not possible. Pi is not proven and whilst its not proven and we also rely on 'infinitesimals' the view is skewed. We know its wrong .. yet continue to use it … Just how stupid is that? If you must view things in terms of 'switching' as (I tried to do earlier because I have no choice ) then regard it as an 'abrupt change of state' such as a square wave (which again is impossible) might portray on an oscilloscope.
View that square wave as becoming a tiny pulse along the time frame whilst maintaining amplitude and then … The impossible! threaten the zero time line. In practice you can electrically do what mathematics assumes can't be.
It would seem that electricity is not a thinking entity Its self you may effectivly 'fool it' You may for example Introduce the voltage of one cycle to the current of the next. Providing the circuit is open this 'slight of hand' has dramatic results. But it does force thought on the 'composition under the wave' shapes as portrayed .. hence the introduction of harmonics – overtones and Importantly Triplens.
This extra energy energy in an open circuit 'tricked' over the time line was demonstrated by thesis and experiment pretty convicingly (for me at least) by Prof P.T.Pappas. I'm sure you rember reading this boguslaw and your comment at the time ? .. open circuit = No lenz law ! You probably remember PTP substituted Ampere's force law for the very (IMHO) very suspect loretz force law to make the case.

http://www.panospappas.gr/university.htm

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u-BSQKAbg2A (Bob see circa 20min)

The question then posed (for me a least) is not switching speed . Speed implies a reference to time and time is arbitary here.
To seperate the constituate parts of what you see as a waveform into its frequency chains clearly shown as harmonics , Overtones , And Triplens is the difficulty .
That dissapearing pulse because of 'infinitesimals' is considered an infinate ammount of the infinitesimal and regarded as zero … sure the ocsilloscope will show nothing .. Its made to do so. Still
experiments by many show its simple 1 dimention 'comfort blanket' portrayal is wrong..

[Duncan]

for your consideration

Thx .. you might like to scan this https://archive.org/download/TheCosm...cs/cosmicc.pdf
1st reading seems very far fetched , then, after a while it starts to make some sort of sense

[Allen Burgess]

Thx, I have been thinking about many of the things you mention, in connection with the Single Wire Power setup. It seems to me that a catalytic layer is important in lead acid batteries - on LAB plates in the form of crystal coating - (and in some cases, certain capacitors) to facilitate the entry of charge into a circuit from the aether.

I think Norman Wootan's Magnetic Resonance Amplifier draws together a lot of what you've been saying: http://rexresearch.com/mra/1mra.htm

The one take-away from Wootan's MRA is the idea of fractal geometry and how its ratios (PHI) need to be present in windings in order to bring about the apparatus' OU output.

I believe we can use very simple circuits to achieve similar effects with lead acid batteries and properly configured windings, and of course, the proper frequency.

Bob

Skycollection should be able to hook one wire from his inductive oscillator to an Earth ground, and leave the other one loose; Then hook one wire from his receiver bulb to a second ground and leave one wire free too to complete the circuit, and light the bulb, right?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mZgqoJ_DCTs

[thx1138]

Thx .. you might like to scan this https://archive.org/download/TheCosm...cs/cosmicc.pdf
1st reading seems very far fetched , then, after a while it starts to make some sort of sense

I spent about 3 months digging into Lawrence Rayburn's Tesla Radiant Energy Collector (TREC) which is very similar. I thought I would try it so put pencil to paper to see what it would cost me. Rayburn was/is an electrical lineman so had access to a lot of surplus electrical grid components so it didn't cost him all that much. Buying everything retail, however, came to $6,200. I wasn't willing to throw that kind of money at an idea that didn't even have weakly functioning prototype. I followed it for about a year and as far as I know he never got it working and went on to other things. Reflecting on it later, his flaw was that he thought he was going to create "an ionized channel to the power of the ionosphere". Well, an ionized channel is ionized matter and being matter it will be affected by the winds in the atmosphere and between the ground and the ionosphere is the jet stream where the winds are +250 MPH. I'm not exactly sure how one might go about blowing an "ionized channel" through the jet stream.

A lot of people thought that's what Tesla was going to do to transmit energy around the world but if you go back and carefully look at the early patents he says the energy will be transmitted between tethered balloons at 30,000 feet. Interestingly, the jet stream was unknown at the time except for one Japanese man who hadn't yet published anything. As far as I know Tesla never attempted transmitting between balloons for surely there would have been photos of such an attempt. He was still considering this when we went to Colorado Springs because there are entries in the Colorado Springs notes about electrically extracting hydrogen from the atmosphere to maintain the balloons at altitude. His July 4, 1899 notes show that he discovered how to transmit through the earth. It's an interesting read. He didn't immediately realize what he was seeing, though, because there are notes on July 5, 1899 that again reference the balloons.

I've built and tested a version of Tesla's Radiant Energy Collector as stated in his patent which intercepts cosmic rays and captures their charge and it works. The problems I found were actually stated in his patent. It collects energy very slowly and it must collect for some time to have a useful amount to do any work, like triggering a pulse. Of course, we can't use the energy faster than it is accumulated so about the only thing I could do with mine was periodically charge a cell phone battery or light an LED. Not particularly useful for the expense. Running a few rough numbers, it would have taken about 20 acres of insulated, elevated plate to power a home in my location.

I can't tell you how many documents I have looked at like the one you referenced. They copy and paste a bunch of stock photos from catalogs together with some hand drawn graphics and swear their contraption will free humanity from commercial energy dependence. What they all seemed to have in common is that there are no photos of a working device, no measurements, no list of components with sources, and no cost analysis. This one states it can be built for $600. Referencing the TREC cost above that might be a typo - just missing a zero.

[thx1138]

What are other kinds of switching systems exist today besides mechanical and transistor?

I just ran across this one this morning looking into crystal structures and piezoelectricity. If I remember correctly, you did some work using Bismuth in some of your devices. I'm not sure how this might relate to your work but thought I would pass it along.

BiFeO3 can be used as a switch. They are talking about micro and nano scale devices so it might not apply to your work.
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[mikrovolt]

The oscilloscope amplifies a signal with curl and deflects a beam
.
Lorentz force and switching.
You have to be a fast to catch the wire in this video of a closed loop
or in reverse next video you have to be fast enough to catch the pulse when you
take a one wire loop and whip it thru the B field of the horse shoe magnet.
The flux in the air gap is too fast to separate the magnetic vector potential however
in nanocrystalline materials and layered crystalline there is enough lag, it works.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_X8jKqZVwoI
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P-YHSxoaFDg

A working experiment will greatly improve.Here is where science is with the cooled magnetite ultra switch.

European XFEL - News - 2013 - Speed Limit Set for Ultrafast Electrical Switch

Before I was refering Bearden energy from the vacuum.
http://www.cheniere.org/techpapers/O...%20Effect1.doc

The energy conversion from vacuum to conventional by means of charge separation
are shuttled using switching which replenishes losses due to dipole back emf
It is difficult for me to to interpret the micro quantum in terms that are easily understood.
I find the 2 hole diffraction pattern does carry through into macro you may find the geometry interesting.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?featur...XrbZ4bnU#t=152
I have benefited from spending time in the smaller world of electrodynamics
with aether and quantum theory rather than just space plus time integration.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bXKFIPNSj8g

[boguslaw]

thx1138

Please read Tesla Great Britain patents. The main purpose for radiant energy patents is to cover the autonomous receiver, powered like crystal radio from the signal energy. In simpler words - it collects the energy of Tesla magnifying transmitter to run receiver without battery.