Ere many generations pass...

[ricards]

Very nice work

Hi Ernst,

First of all thank you for sharing your work, I have read the whole thing and It its really fascinating how you relate Tesla paperwork and statements into electricity and its generation. I somehow understood the "Logic" of how Tesla Magnifying Transmitter works, but not fully, there are some terminologies that I could not fully comprehend, and I also could not understand how Electricity is related to heat. (Is this somehow the phenomenon that other calls "Cold Electricity"?).

I do not understand the Sun Part where sun PCR (primary cosmic radiation) hits matter then it gives off SCR (secondary cosmic radiation). There is no matter in the vacuum right (is it somehow the “Dark Matter”)?

From what I understood, one of the phenomenon that TMT exploit s is similar to what happens when lightning strucks, (electron avalanche) where in ambient electrons (or whatever it really is) gets dragged, sucked, attracted, Entrained along the flow of energy (plasma discharge) I assume this is the “Current Rise/Amplification”. (is this correct?).

(since this gaseous medium behaves like a fluid, “Entrainment” should also be applicable, There is an invention on the market called “Bladeless Fan/Air Multiplier”. How Does a Dyson Air Multiplier Work? - Core77 is this somehow the same?.. Bernoulli effect?.. Coanda effect?..)

And the other one is If you do it in a fashion where in the Electrical vibration you send to earth and the electrical vibration reflected back by earth combines (like an echo resonating), a bigger or stronger vibration is produced (Standing wave), I assume this is the “Voltage Rise/Amplification”. (Is this Resonance?).

(I Experimented on sound waves (longitudinal wave) by whistling in the corner of a concrete walls and at certain angles my whistle seems louder even though I did not blow harder or louder. It seems the echo is combining with my whistling. I guess this is the Standing Wave??)

According to the document In order to demonstrate the effect with a machine:

1. Get a power source.
2. Create a “PUMP” of the gaseous medium (an Electrical Oscillator). (the compressor)
3. Discharge the plasma through the ground via Transmitter. (the heat sink? Or cold hole?)
4. Since you discharge an “Incompressible fluid” to the ground which is already filled with it. Somewhere, somehow the fluid will overflow out of the ground back into the ambient through the least resistance path, in this case It is your Receiver.
5. If we continue in this manner we now have a flow of this gaseous medium, therefore having electricity correct?
6. Now Harness the electricity, and use this and repeat step 2.

If by any chance we could have a gain in “Current” by this means, we must then tune it properly in order to Increase “voltage”?.

I am not claiming anything or whatsoever, I simply reiterated what I have understood based on your work and relay it in my own layman’s term, To find out and confirm if I have understood it correctly or not.

Hope its not too much to read as your was longer.

ricards,

[Ernst]

Hi Ernst,

First of all thank you for sharing your work, I have read the whole thing and It its really fascinating how you relate Tesla paperwork and statements into electricity and its generation. I somehow understood the "Logic" of how Tesla Magnifying Transmitter works, but not fully, there are some terminologies that I could not fully comprehend, and I also could not understand how Electricity is related to heat. (Is this somehow the phenomenon that other calls "Cold Electricity"?).

I do not understand the Sun Part where sun PCR (primary cosmic radiation) hits matter then it gives off SCR (secondary cosmic radiation). There is no matter in the vacuum right (is it somehow the “Dark Matter”)?

From what I understood, one of the phenomenon that TMT exploit s is similar to what happens when lightning strucks, (electron avalanche) where in ambient electrons (or whatever it really is) gets dragged, sucked, attracted, Entrained along the flow of energy (plasma discharge) I assume this is the “Current Rise/Amplification”. (is this correct?).

(since this gaseous medium behaves like a fluid, “Entrainment” should also be applicable, There is an invention on the market called “Bladeless Fan/Air Multiplier”. How Does a Dyson Air Multiplier Work? - Core77 is this somehow the same?.. Bernoulli effect?.. Coanda effect?..)

And the other one is If you do it in a fashion where in the Electrical vibration you send to earth and the electrical vibration reflected back by earth combines (like an echo resonating), a bigger or stronger vibration is produced (Standing wave), I assume this is the “Voltage Rise/Amplification”. (Is this Resonance?).

(I Experimented on sound waves (longitudinal wave) by whistling in the corner of a concrete walls and at certain angles my whistle seems louder even though I did not blow harder or louder. It seems the echo is combining with my whistling. I guess this is the Standing Wave??)

According to the document In order to demonstrate the effect with a machine:

1. Get a power source.
2. Create a “PUMP” of the gaseous medium (an Electrical Oscillator). (the compressor)
3. Discharge the plasma through the ground via Transmitter. (the heat sink? Or cold hole?)
4. Since you discharge an “Incompressible fluid” to the ground which is already filled with it. Somewhere, somehow the fluid will overflow out of the ground back into the ambient through the least resistance path, in this case It is your Receiver.
5. If we continue in this manner we now have a flow of this gaseous medium, therefore having electricity correct?
6. Now Harness the electricity, and use this and repeat step 2.

If by any chance we could have a gain in “Current” by this means, we must then tune it properly in order to Increase “voltage”?.

I am not claiming anything or whatsoever, I simply reiterated what I have understood based on your work and relay it in my own layman’s term, To find out and confirm if I have understood it correctly or not.

Hope its not too much to read as your was longer.

ricards,

Thanks for taking a genuine interest in my work!
Unfortunately I do not know all the details about the TMT as I do not fully understand the exact nature of matter and electricity. In fact I think, no one does. Tesla understood a great deal about electricity by comparing electricity to things that we do comprehend.
First of all you must recognize that Tesla says electricity behaves like an incompressible fluid but is caused by a gaseous (and thus compressible) medium.
The incompressible fluid:
when you add charges on one end of a long conductor, almost instantly you see the effect at the other end of the conductor.
The gaseous medium:
this is best demonstrated by the experiments Tesla showed during his lectures from 1891-1893. Also when you look at a conductor, you'll see positive (metal) ions with free electrons in between. If you forget about the ions, you'll see a bunch of freely moving electrons, exactly like molecules in a gas. Some may argue that these electrons are electrically charged and repel eachother, but this is largely shielded by the ions. So these free electrons behave very much like an ideal gas, and thus the ideal gas law should apply.

Electricity now seen as a gas, must have a pressure (voltage), quantity (charge) but also a temperature. This is strangely not recognized by modern science, but by its very definition it must be there, namely the average kinetic energy of these electrons.
The electrons are moving, so they have a velocity. They also have a mass, so you can calculate their kinetic energy (E= mv²/2).
Now, imagine a conductor which has a certain charge, then it has a certain voltage (calculated from its self-capacitance). If I add more charge, the voltage (pressure) rises. But if the charges were to move more violently, the voltage rises also.
Exactly as in a gas.
So forget about all you've been told about "cold electricity", I think that is a different concept. In stead just think of electricity as a gas. A gas has a temperature...
It is really that simple.

About cosmic rays....
Interplanetary and interstellar space may be very high vacuum, but there are still planets, comets, dust, plasma clouds, stars etc. So there is matter in every direction.

About lightning...
This is the most difficult part. Yes, I do believe the bernoulli effect plays an important role. But as we are talking about electrified particles, the whole thing becomes much more complicated, and electric and magnetic fields enter the equation. Much can be learned from recent studies in lightning. (see Martin Uman and stepped leader)
Tesla clearly believed that a lightning strike collects energy from its environment, instead of just discharging a cloud. And it is this process that he intended to copy.
BTW, the discharge = the "cold hole" or "heat sink"

About Earth resonance...
No energy multiplication takes place here. It is a storage and distribution method. So yes, the amplitude of the Earth wave increases, but that happens only because you put energy into it. The energy that you used and extracted. Now since the TMT coils produced this signal, they are also perfectly tuned for receiving the same. And thus a regenerative loop is created and no (or very little) energy gets wasted.
An echo is not a standing wave, but where there is an echo a standing wave can be created.
By connecting another coil tuned at the same frequency to the Earth (anywhere), a current will start flowing through this coil, producing a magnetic effect that can be picked up by a secondary coil, just as in a transformer. The output of this secondary coil can by used.

The energy gain comes solely from the discharge and the conductor onto which this discharge takes place. The discharge cools the electricity, so very cold electricity arrives at the anode. Both the discharge itself and the anode (the cupola of the Wardenclyffe tower) will consequently attract heat-energy from the surrounding medium, thereby ionizing the immediate surrounding air.

The system is rather complex, you've come a long way in understanding it.
I hope this helps.


Ernst.

[ricards]

About cosmic rays....
Interplanetary and interstellar space may be very high vacuum, but there are still planets, comets, dust, plasma clouds, stars etc. So there is matter in every direction.
Ernst.

Why didn't I thought of this.

Stepped Leader. .

[Ernst]

Youtube stats

You can see in the graph at what time Aaron's newsletter went out.


Thanks, Aaron!


Ernst.

[Aaron]

views

You can see in the graph at what time Aaron's newsletter went out.


Thanks, Aaron!


Ernst.

There were over 2500 views to the blog post that I linked to. They'll continue to come in for a while.

[Ernst]

What happened here?

There were over 2500 views to the blog post that I linked to. They'll continue to come in for a while.

Guess you're right....


Ernst.

[thx1138]

Hi Ernst,

First of all thank you for sharing your work, I have read the whole thing and It its really fascinating how you relate Tesla paperwork and statements into electricity and its generation. I somehow understood the "Logic" of how Tesla Magnifying Transmitter works, but not fully, there are some terminologies that I could not fully comprehend, and I also could not understand how Electricity is related to heat. (Is this somehow the phenomenon that other calls "Cold Electricity"?).

I do not understand the Sun Part where sun PCR (primary cosmic radiation) hits matter then it gives off SCR (secondary cosmic radiation). There is no matter in the vacuum right (is it somehow the “Dark Matter”)?

From what I understood, one of the phenomenon that TMT exploit s is similar to what happens when lightning strucks, (electron avalanche) where in ambient electrons (or whatever it really is) gets dragged, sucked, attracted, Entrained along the flow of energy (plasma discharge) I assume this is the “Current Rise/Amplification”. (is this correct?).

(since this gaseous medium behaves like a fluid, “Entrainment” should also be applicable, There is an invention on the market called “Bladeless Fan/Air Multiplier”. How Does a Dyson Air Multiplier Work? - Core77 is this somehow the same?.. Bernoulli effect?.. Coanda effect?..)

And the other one is If you do it in a fashion where in the Electrical vibration you send to earth and the electrical vibration reflected back by earth combines (like an echo resonating), a bigger or stronger vibration is produced (Standing wave), I assume this is the “Voltage Rise/Amplification”. (Is this Resonance?).

(I Experimented on sound waves (longitudinal wave) by whistling in the corner of a concrete walls and at certain angles my whistle seems louder even though I did not blow harder or louder. It seems the echo is combining with my whistling. I guess this is the Standing Wave??)

According to the document In order to demonstrate the effect with a machine:

1. Get a power source.
2. Create a “PUMP” of the gaseous medium (an Electrical Oscillator). (the compressor)
3. Discharge the plasma through the ground via Transmitter. (the heat sink? Or cold hole?)
4. Since you discharge an “Incompressible fluid” to the ground which is already filled with it. Somewhere, somehow the fluid will overflow out of the ground back into the ambient through the least resistance path, in this case It is your Receiver.
5. If we continue in this manner we now have a flow of this gaseous medium, therefore having electricity correct?
6. Now Harness the electricity, and use this and repeat step 2.

If by any chance we could have a gain in “Current” by this means, we must then tune it properly in order to Increase “voltage”?.

I am not claiming anything or whatsoever, I simply reiterated what I have understood based on your work and relay it in my own layman’s term, To find out and confirm if I have understood it correctly or not.

Hope its not too much to read as your was longer.

ricards,

A couple of references for you.

The first one will help you understand the cosmic rays' interaction with our atmosphere. The vacuum of space is far from empty. Every star in the universe is emitting rays in various frequencies, IR, UV, x-rays, gamma rays, etc. A "ray" in Tesla's day is what we call a charged particle today. The closest source of these charged particles is, of course, our sun. Taken as a whole, it is called the solar wind. In essence, the "vacuum of space" is a plasma.
http://quarknet.fnal.gov/resources/Q...hamberV1_4.pdf

Solar Wind: WSA-ENLIL Solar Wind Prediction | NOAA / NWS Space Weather Prediction Center

This second one helps understand Tesla's magnifying transmitter. Electrical generation and transmission are two different processes. Tesla went to Colorado Springs to experiment with wireless transmission. Don't get bogged down in all the info at this following link. Just go to the July 4, 1899 notes and read them and then think about what you would have if you could make lightning strike the same point repeatedly at intervals you could control. IMO, that was the purpose of the TMT. Tesla even mentions lightning in some of his patents.
Colorado Springs Notes 1899-1900

Interestingly, he saw ground to cloud lightning on July 4 but didn't recognize it for what it was. The first high speed video of ground to cloud lightning was captured near Colorado Springs.

His early transmission patents proposed to transmit industrial scale power between balloons at altitudes of 30,000 feet and above. He never attempted that. There would surely have been photos if he had. At some point he decided to use the crust of the earth as the transmission medium. But on July 5, 1899 he was still talking about extracting hydrogen from the atmosphere to maintain the balloons at altitude so it's not clear exactly when he changed to using the ground as the transmission medium.

[Russellreader]

It reads like a detective thriller

Excellent work. I enjoyed following Tesla's approach and discoveries made possible by your superb research, collation and editing.

1. Your conclusion plus the comments about the transmitter working better at altitude suggests the temperature ie the coolness of the electrons affects the conductivity of the air. Accordingly, his belief he could achieve same at lower altitudes suggests the cooling effect which you describe in the PCR process is likely how he intended to achieve it.

2. I was surprised Tesla thought lightning would cause rain anywhere such as in a desert. He did not seem aware at the time of the effect of vortices on the concentrative male force like found in Colorado vs. the female tenuity force described by Reich in his Arizona rain making experiments. Reich used denatured radium to break the tenuity field quickly or did so slowly by moving orgone by aiming aluminium pipes and flowing water attached to a creek with lots of orgone. Reich says there are two types of orgone DOR and POR. As DOR and POR are prana he too only had part of the picture. Reich's experiments suggests the prana converts gender ie from air to the water. Walter Russell explains how the genders attract each other while the male force is concentrative so low pressure systems and orgone attraction similarly charged cloud droplets to form clouds) and the female force high pressure zones are radiative so creates a tenuity force (airborne water in desert tenuity fields stay apart so skies remain clear). I think there is more complexity to consider which requires use of the laws of correspondence, gender, polarity, rhythm, menatalism, harmony and cause and effect and the law of the higher plane or consciousness being required to change the lower are all required to sort these factors out. The hermetics and Walter Russell thread is helpful.

3. Tesla identified the male gaseous electricity as prana but did not mention the 5 types of prana, earth and water (female), air and fire (male) and quintessence. So I am guessing the incompressible fluid is found in both the earth and water, while at urged there are likely two types of male gaseous Prana. Perhaps quintessence prana is what you find in plasma like on the sun where there is no separation into genders. I suspect each gender can be either polarity as in magnets there is gaseous prana going both directions as described by Leedskalnin's in Magnetic Currents (he did not call it prana).

4. The law of correspondence suggests that in magnetism similarly the female prana are in water or the metal and the two male prana are the forces going in and out the Bloch wall and the poles. I wonder if these are all the same thing with different aspects similar to your convincing argument that the hot and cold electricity are the same thing. UFOPolitics has an excellent visual of Wheeler's book on magnetism.

5. In the body you have the so called male vital force which is conscious and the female vril which is unconscious. The vril is supposed to follow the nerves so that makes sense as female earth prana but I don't see how the male vital force passes through the blood unless the gaseous prana from the lungs becomes tiny bubbles in the blood. So when high voltage power lines are built through cities or agricultural lands the effect you describe sucks out gaseous prana denuding our food and people of their vital life force. I pray you succeed but put the wireless transmission up in the mountains away from people and agriculture.

6. Chapter 12 of Bruce Cathie's excellent The Energy Grid discusses the harmonic math presumably used by Tesla to locate both Colorado Springs and wardencliff on the earth grid at places related to the reciprocal harmonic of the grid speed of light 144000 minutes of arc per second. He also explains how Tesla calculated that a wavelength of 2000 meters is necessary to transmit usable power through the earth (so the copper coils at 1/4 the wavelength would be 500 meters for easier tuning?) which is about 1.08 minutes of arc or 1/20000th of the circumference of the earth which he claims tunes it to the world grid. He also says that the resonant frequency of the earth is directly related to the speed of light. So we have to learn harmonic math to locate the transmitters and receivers and to choose the wavelengths. The book gives you the wavelength to pass through the earth most efficiently which I doubt is the same for the transmission through the air. Your quote mentioned the speed of the electricity in the gaseous medium being about 300000 feet per second vs. 900000 for the incompressible fluid which might help calculate the wavelength as the prana going each way take the same time. Reading Cathie's book suggests to me there are many possible places on the world grid.

[Ernst]

Based on one's previous knowledge and experience everyone reads it in his own way.


Ernst.

[aquaminx]

Hello Ernst

Great work on the document. Impressive hardware!!! I say good job sir...very imperssive! As a long time tesla fan who has read most of his works, I am already aware of the transmission of power using the earth which is really a capacitor that is constantly charged by the PCR from sun.

My feedback, please note this is only constructive criticism so that more mainstream people may become interested instead of just brushing it aside as just another tesla nut.


1) Regarding the lengthy introduction and Tesla's writings on other industrial processes in his article increasing human energy...I dont think he was talking in code. I believe he was just merely giving his educated opinions on the major engineering challenges of his day so as to make them more efficient.... and how it relates to his work on electricity, oscillations given the limited industrial jargon of his day. After the JP morgan fiasco I believe Tesla was quite happy to be given an opportunity to write a lengthy letter for a major magazine....to be taken seriously by the general scientific and engineering community...I still dont believe there is a secret bible code type message hidden....perhaps if other references are taken out and the document were to refer only to his electricity theory and power transmission quotes, the document will be much shorter instead of 66 pages....again my opinion..it was a good read but I have read the article before but I dont think others may have the patience to read it in full to get the important conclusions of the doc.


2) Lets get to the actual document. So regarding the temperature of the electron...

correct me if I am wrong....does not current ohms law and theory on electric resistance take into account temperature.

Example: The resistance of a 1 meter copper wire will be higher than the same copper wire heated to a 100 degrees. Resistance directly correlates to temperature effect on electrons in solid conductors.

In vacuum tubes or electron energy in vacuum is measured as the temperature of the electron and has the unit electron volt or eV. The higher the eV the more the kelvin temperature of the electron. There are eV conversion calculators online.

3) INCOMPRESSIBLE Fluid vs compressible gas?

This I have to admit I dont know why tesla says electricity is incompressible fluid early on and then says it is a gas which implies it is compressible later on.

I have always thought electricity is compressible but may be my thinking is wrong. Why tesla ever says it is incompressible baffles me...my reasoning is as follows:

If you take the gas analogy....A capacitor is like a compressor or pressurized cylinder. It has a fixed volume measured in farads and depending on the dielectric ( gas cylinder fixed volume construction material properties) it can be pressurized to any voltage.

if you take a dc power supply and connect a capacitor in parallel and then a lamp...there is a delay before the lamp lights up..clearly the electrons fill up the capacitor or become compressed into a static charge and then light the lamp. if you turn of the power supply, the lamp stays light until the compressed charge or electrons empty out. Clearly this was observed by tesla when he was in high school or in college...so why he called it incompressible I am not able to understand. clearly electrons are compressible otherwise the ability to charge a given capacitance to any voltage or electron pressure will not be possible.

Gas flow circuit analogy:

Take a gas pipe circuit. Take ideal gas and infinite reservoir capable of supplying gas at 2 atm regardless of volume of pipes or blower outlet nozzle etc (DC supply), a gas tank capable of holding 3atm (capacitor) and finally a blower attached to a fan (load)...if you follow the gas analogy and turn on the gas supply, the system of pipes will pressurize to 2 atm including the tank and the blower will turn at the output. When the gas supply is switched off...the blower will continue to turn until the tank that has 2 atm pressurized gas fully depressurizes to 1 atm.

Similary when the gas valve is turned on....the blower fan will not turn at full speed until the gas tank compresses to full capacity and only after that will the blower turn at full load.

To further illustrate the capacitor pressure analogy... a 1000 atm gas tank can be used to compress gas anywhere from 1 to 1000atm pressure...fixed volume.

Similarily a 20KV 4.7uf capacitor can compress electrons anywhere from 10 volts all the way 10kv to 20kv pressure at the same capacity 4.7uf....

incompressible fluid stuff has bugged me to this day...I prefer the gas analogy but again I am not sure what tesla meant...perhaps you can shed some light on this as to why tesla did not see a capacitor as a compressor of electrons?

4) Earth has high self inductance....totally agreed...if earth had low self inductance then there would be no limit to the current...every lightning spark will be like a massive meteor strike and the charge will take much longer between strikes.....


5) Elevated capacity connecting to ground

I have seen Tesla's new york notes before. I did notice the gap an elevated capacity....

In that document tesla claims that the main oscillation is C1L1L1 and that the frequency of the secondary and topload is not important...

is that correct? .....that the real tuning is the height of the elevated capacity and straight connection to ground.

So in theory one can take a large conventional tesla coil secondary tuned to deliver max power through its top load....and then we place this inside a tower with its top load arcing to an even higher bigger top load like your setup and then tune the free oscillations of that bigger top load to Earth ground..... How does one tune to that?

I am assuming you have actually done this in your lab and you have results to prove it? Because you do say you have verified the 11hz earth resonance frequency?

Wow was that overunity feedback?

That is the only part that has me still confused muddled boggled whatever...everything tells me that is shouldn't matter....the energy will arc to ground with no special effect....unless some unexplained magic happens at million volts and higher or that eventually charges from the earth builds up between the bigger top load and straight wire to ground???

That my friend I have never seen any one replicate with a true earth ground ringing a bigger top load with tesla coil top load as shown in the new york notes.


Tesla as you quote also mentions that he can achieve any frequency and speed.....This is very confusing because if it is a standing wave the output will appear like DC with a ripple on top.

How does one extract energy from a standing wave at the receiver? I understand the "magnifying" external part of the top load part...does the receiver need this as well to maximize power reception? Also how is the
HV power extracted from a standing wave harmonic in the receiver....the tuned primary tank will automatically charge and will require a spark gap...how will the timing of this gap or speed break be determined. A static gap will be inefficient and through resonance off balance...

Is your Large exterior top load connected to earth ground and have you generated standing waves yet?

Anyways I think this is too many questions for one post...I have thousands of questions believe me...I really wish you I could spend some time at your lab and run some wild experiments.

Thanks for your post...great work again! looking forward to some replies.

[Ernst]

some replies

Hello Ernst

Great work on the document. Impressive hardware!!! I say good job sir...very imperssive! As a long time tesla fan who has read most of his works, I am already aware of the transmission of power using the earth which is really a capacitor that is constantly charged by the PCR from sun.

My feedback, please note this is only constructive criticism so that more mainstream people may become interested instead of just brushing it aside as just another tesla nut.

Don't worry. There will always be people who have their own opinion about these things.
So there will always be people in whose eyes I'll be another Tesla nut.

1) Regarding the lengthy introduction and Tesla's writings on other industrial processes in his article increasing human energy...I dont think he was talking in code. I believe he was just merely giving his educated opinions on the major engineering challenges of his day so as to make them more efficient.... and how it relates to his work on electricity, oscillations given the limited industrial jargon of his day. After the JP morgan fiasco I believe Tesla was quite happy to be given an opportunity to write a lengthy letter for a major magazine....to be taken seriously by the general scientific and engineering community...I still dont believe there is a secret bible code type message hidden....perhaps if other references are taken out and the document were to refer only to his electricity theory and power transmission quotes, the document will be much shorter instead of 66 pages....again my opinion..it was a good read but I have read the article before but I dont think others may have the patience to read it in full to get the important conclusions of the doc.

I am quite sure he did talk in a code, although it is note really a code, it is more like extensive use of analogies and sometimes saying something in a way so that most people will miss the point he really makes.
Surely the document can be shorter if I would take out all the things that you do not believe or think are irrelevant, but then it would not represent my conclusions.

2) Lets get to the actual document. So regarding the temperature of the electron...

correct me if I am wrong....does not current ohms law and theory on electric resistance take into account temperature.

Example: The resistance of a 1 meter copper wire will be higher than the same copper wire heated to a 100 degrees. Resistance directly correlates to temperature effect on electrons in solid conductors.

Ohms law: V = I R
There are temperature effects, think of thermocouples and Peltier elements, but that is not covered by Ohms law. The increase in resistance that you refer to is caused by movement/vibration of the metal ions which makes it more difficult for electrons to pass. So it has to do with the temperature of the ions, not the electrons.

In vacuum tubes or electron energy in vacuum is measured as the temperature of the electron and has the unit electron volt or eV. The higher the eV the more the kelvin temperature of the electron. There are eV conversion calculators online.

In plasma physics the electron temperature is a recognized property being 2/3 of the average kinetic energy of the particles. This makes it all the more strange that science does not recognize the electron temperature of electron gas inside a metallic conductor.
Note that it does recognize "electron gas" in a metallic conductor.

3) INCOMPRESSIBLE Fluid vs compressible gas?

This I have to admit I dont know why tesla says electricity is incompressible fluid early on and then says it is a gas which implies it is compressible later on.

I have always thought electricity is compressible but may be my thinking is wrong. Why tesla ever says it is incompressible baffles me...my reasoning is as follows:

If you take the gas analogy....A capacitor is like a compressor or pressurized cylinder. It has a fixed volume measured in farads and depending on the dielectric ( gas cylinder fixed volume construction material properties) it can be pressurized to any voltage.

if you take a dc power supply and connect a capacitor in parallel and then a lamp...there is a delay before the lamp lights up..clearly the electrons fill up the capacitor or become compressed into a static charge and then light the lamp. if you turn of the power supply, the lamp stays light until the compressed charge or electrons empty out. Clearly this was observed by tesla when he was in high school or in college...so why he called it incompressible I am not able to understand. clearly electrons are compressible otherwise the ability to charge a given capacitance to any voltage or electron pressure will not be possible.

Gas flow circuit analogy:

Take a gas pipe circuit. Take ideal gas and infinite reservoir capable of supplying gas at 2 atm regardless of volume of pipes or blower outlet nozzle etc (DC supply), a gas tank capable of holding 3atm (capacitor) and finally a blower attached to a fan (load)...if you follow the gas analogy and turn on the gas supply, the system of pipes will pressurize to 2 atm including the tank and the blower will turn at the output. When the gas supply is switched off...the blower will continue to turn until the tank that has 2 atm pressurized gas fully depressurizes to 1 atm.

Similary when the gas valve is turned on....the blower fan will not turn at full speed until the gas tank compresses to full capacity and only after that will the blower turn at full load.

To further illustrate the capacitor pressure analogy... a 1000 atm gas tank can be used to compress gas anywhere from 1 to 1000atm pressure...fixed volume.

Similarily a 20KV 4.7uf capacitor can compress electrons anywhere from 10 volts all the way 10kv to 20kv pressure at the same capacity 4.7uf....

incompressible fluid stuff has bugged me to this day...I prefer the gas analogy but again I am not sure what tesla meant...perhaps you can shed some light on this as to why tesla did not see a capacitor as a compressor of electrons?

I commented on this a few posts back.

4) Earth has high self inductance....totally agreed...if earth had low self inductance then there would be no limit to the current...every lightning spark will be like a massive meteor strike and the charge will take much longer between strikes.....


5) Elevated capacity connecting to ground

I have seen Tesla's new york notes before. I did notice the gap an elevated capacity....

In that document tesla claims that the main oscillation is C1L1L1 and that the frequency of the secondary and topload is not important...

is that correct? .....that the real tuning is the height of the elevated capacity and straight connection to ground.

That is partly correct. The system will work if you use different frequencies in these systems, but it will work considerably better if these frequencies are the same as Tesla noted in his CSN (scan for "for obvious reasons", I forgot the page number).
This is an example of where you miss the point if you do not read the "code". This is explained in the part where Tesla describes his new process of producing iron.
You do not use the power directly ("the energy is CONSERVED"), you split it and use part of it to combine it with something from our atmosphere. THIS process generates the power that you use, and what you do not use, you recycle.
"What the sender does in the receiver is to open a valve to let the energy flow in", and again the energy is conserved.

So in theory one can take a large conventional tesla coil secondary tuned to deliver max power through its top load....and then we place this inside a tower with its top load arcing to an even higher bigger top load like your setup and then tune the free oscillations of that bigger top load to Earth ground..... How does one tune to that?

Tuning to 11.77 Hz will happen automagically. You can not make a coil that has such a high Q that it would not auto-adjust to a frequency less than 6 Hz from its max.

I am assuming you have actually done this in your lab and you have results to prove it? Because you do say you have verified the 11hz earth resonance frequency?

see the video

Wow was that overunity feedback?

What makes you think there would? Where would that energy come from? By what mechanism?
If you have a (>800 Watt) Tesla-coil with a very good ground and a stationary spark gap, you will see "growing streamers" on the top load, because the energy that would normally get lost in the ground is now returned.

That is the only part that has me still confused muddled boggled whatever...everything tells me that is shouldn't matter....the energy will arc to ground with no special effect....unless some unexplained magic happens at million volts and higher or that eventually charges from the earth builds up between the bigger top load and straight wire to ground???

That my friend I have never seen any one replicate with a true earth ground ringing a bigger top load with tesla coil top load as shown in the new york notes.

Something "magic" does happen at > 1MV discharges as explained in my video. Perhaps similar effects can be created at lower voltages when the air pressure is decreased, as in Chernetskii's experiments, or when you use a specific amplitude modulation as I explained earlier in this thread. And perhaps there are even more ways....
You may not have seen anyone replicate these phenomena, but I am sure you have witnessed them (in lightning).

Tesla as you quote also mentions that he can achieve any frequency and speed.....This is very confusing because if it is a standing wave the output will appear like DC with a ripple on top.

No DC at all. What makes you think that?

How does one extract energy from a standing wave at the receiver? I understand the "magnifying" external part of the top load part...does the receiver need this as well to maximize power reception? Also how is the
HV power extracted from a standing wave harmonic in the receiver....the tuned primary tank will automatically charge and will require a spark gap...how will the timing of this gap or speed break be determined. A static gap will be inefficient and through resonance off balance...

Is your Large exterior top load connected to earth ground and have you generated standing waves yet?

Any properly tuned coil connected to the ground will resonate... No other circuitry required.

Anyways I think this is too many questions for one post...I have thousands of questions believe me...I really wish you I could spend some time at your lab and run some wild experiments.

Thanks for your post...great work again! looking forward to some replies.

I believe you.
These voltages may prove quite lethal in wild experiments....


Ernst.

[aquaminx]

Thanks for the reply Ernst....here are some more.


1) In his colorado notes and else where tesla shows two types of power supplies that charge the primary condensers...some circuits show a DC battery and some show a high tension AC transformer to charge the caps.

Now as he scaled up TMT in your opinion did the power supply matter. From my own experiments I have done which is simply a HVDC power supply cap in parallel and static gap....the two spark qualities are different....

now in this forum and elsewhere many believe there is a secret to tapping pulsed DC as opposed to AC capacitive discharge...

Please note I know and understand that ultimately all cap discharges are oscillating voltage / currents but a DC charged cap and AC charged cap ...there is a huge difference in the bias voltage and therefore polarity of the oscillating current flows in the circuit.

The question: Do you personally think from your experiments pulsed DC is better than HVAC to create the spark discharges across the primary.

Since you have obviously read his notes multiple times in great detail...does he mention anything regards to pulsed HVDC or AC.


2) In my experiments with spark gaps and discharging HV caps especially DCHV ccaps I did notice that I would experience some pinging or mild stinging on the face and hands.
Have you experienced any such effects or am I just psychosomatic looking for scalar waves or longitudinal ether waves? or is there a more common explanation to the skin stinging feeling.


3) Regarding the standing wave DC effect. I am not sure if you are familiar with Dr Konstantin Meyl's scalar wave kit.
Meyl - Scalarwave-Technology - The european website of www.k-meyl.de

I purchased this kit a long time ago and have done a range of experiments with it...firstly its not scalar waves or vortex ether etc....it is however an excellent scale model of tesla's patent on wireless transmission and to study standing waves in CW mode of operation.

The kit generates hi frequency between 2 to 6v range and is an excellent study tool to study the effects of single wire transmission and standing waves. The black common ground wire is basically the earth...you can replace it with a metal ball or large metal object or even a small swimming pool and single wire transmission is easily demonstrated. He has several youtube videos that you can search and find.

Meyl however is a bit of a kook and is convinced his standing harmonic wave is a scalar wave and so goes of the radar in his explanation of standing wave mode of power and signal transmission...this is surprising since he is also an educated engineer and physics and somehow he has confused simple single wire circuits with standing EM waves with tesla's high voltage earth oscillation system.

That being said here are the interesting effects...you can tune the circuit to types of resonance...conventional RF LC resonance and at a higher frequency
standing wave resonance.

Conventional resonance you can shield the elevated capacity terminals with your hand or faraday cage etc and the power /signal transmission drops....but when a standing wave is generated no amount of shielding can prevent the single wire transmission. As long as the two spiral secondaries are connected with the common ground it is virtually IMPOSSIBLE to stop the receiver using any shielding what so ever. I am confident if I were to submerge the receiver underwater in an air chamber to prevent circuit damage and ran the black wire to the transmitter above the water there will be no loss...orientation or direction of the transmitter vs receiver also seems to have little effect.

The most curious effect is however when the circuit is resonating with a standing wave...if you take a DC probe and measure the vertical capacity of the receiver with respect to the black ground wire....you actually get a DC volt of 2 to 6 volts...in some cases slightly higher cant remember.

The meyl kit is pure AC from a digital source...and at sanding wave resonance a static DC field is created between common ground wire and elevated capacity.


Coming back to the tesla stuff...if you recall only in the wardenclyffe notes does one see the curious extra top load and straight conductor to ground that is quarter wavelength....no air core coil there...its just a straight metal pole to earth...the height being most crucial to ground.

Given my research with the meyl kit...I know that if you supply pure AC...you get static build up at standing wave resonance. This is what I believe is happening in the TMT.

Tesla is using his conventional HV tesla coil to generate the AC signal in order to create a standing wave harmonic. This harmonic builds up massive DC charge leaking to the air as you described.

Now the receiver in my opinion again does not need to be a conventional tesla coil either...it can be identical to the transmitter...a long pole with a top load matched to the transmitter.

In otherwords all you need is a vertical capacity a pole and stick it to ground you have DC field set up. So instead of sticking it directly to ground one wires a lamp or load in series...the size of the top load and length to ground can be changed to match the load.

A street lamp for example does not need a large top load...and the length of connection to ground determines the voltage desired and current flow desired.

All of this of course requires precise or very stable connection to earth ground.

Now you may think this is crazy my friend, but believe me if the wardenclyffe circuit is correct...there is absolutely no need for a receiver to resemble a conventional primary which is only the high frequency high voltage AC signal...the means for opening the valve which is setting up a standing AC wave.

This standing AC wave in a single wire or common ground / earth mode at quarter wavelength will behave like a DC supply from top load to ground.

This is not stuff I am making up...you can test this for yourself...AC standing waves create a DC effect at quarter wave resonance!

This also implies that while maximum power is obtainable with earth coupling...Tesla's diagram shows the earth current AC standing wave propagating into space.

This standing AC wave I believe is what was his interplanetary communications system.

Want to know something even more crazy...signals can be transmitted using the meyl kit using standing waves at 1.5 times the speed of light...but it is really a signal being transmitted on a standing wave that travels at the speed of light...but the information actually reaches the receiver at 1.5 times the speed of light because disturbances in a standing wave seem to travel faster than light.....I am not sure about this...but if you use meyls measurements and directly replicate it with his kit you get the same results...

http://www.k-meyl.de/go/Primaerliter...alar-Waves.pdf


Now the kit comes with a predetermined length of ground wire and my personal belief is that 1.5 times speed of transmission in standing wave mode can be changed depending on properties of the common ground...so it may not be constant....however tesla did determine his waves traveled around 1.5 times the speed of light...not sure the exact speed he measured...long time since I read his colorado notes and other writings!

IF this interests you let me know...,note Tesla made the claim that when you have the thing working right the large top load will resemble the aurora borealis...a gas like flow current....not lightning sparks...

This I believe will be the effect of massive DC potential build up at quarter waver resonance ionizing the air around the top load similar to HV air ionizer....once the DC static charge builds up because of quarter wave standing resonance the effect will be similar to that of the aurora..greenish bluish cloudy glow...this can be seen in illustrations as well as claims of wardenclyffe witnesses according to the pbs tesla doc....not sure if its accurate...however tesla definitely made the statement about the aurora borealis!

To conclude I do believe you are right that he was using analogies for example the self acting engine...is another way of describing a massive sterling engine that uses the ambient temperature gradients found in nature or voltage gradients (earth to sky) to increase or become more efficient in energy production and consumption....etc

thanks for your time and replies....my wild experiments involve you connecting your large exterior top load directly to earth ground and using your massive impressive HV conventional tesla coil hardware to create standing wave pulses to determine if a HV DC field builds up at quarter wave resonance on the top load wrt earth!

[Ernst]

some more

Your questions are a little bit outside the scope of this thread, but I will briefly answer them.
This thread is about:
- what is Tesla's Magnifying Transmitter
- how and where did Tesla describe it
- how does it generate (and distribute) power
The distribution part is more or less general knowledge, but not yet accepted by "modern science".

Do you personally think from your experiments pulsed DC is better than HVAC to create the spark discharges across the primary.

With DC you'll have a more controlled/controllable system, even when it is pulsed.
I prefer DC, or rather rectified AC (which comes in pulses).

does he mention anything regards to pulsed HVDC or AC.

Tesla mostly used AC. In his time there were no diodes. But in his more advanced work he used a commutator to change it into DC.

Have you experienced any such effects or am I just psychosomatic looking for scalar waves or longitudinal ether waves? or is there a more common explanation to the skin stinging feeling.

In this video my safety gap fired at 1'23". This was one of the most energetic events that I have witnessed from about 1m distance. It was not a stinging effect but a clearly noticeable push away from the event.
A stinging sensation is felt when you get too close to my coils while they are active. It is like a warning, saying "do not come closer!".
Also when you short a car battery with an iron wire (copper does not work) which you hold in your hand (preferably between your fingertips), sometimes a stinging sensation can be felt.

The term scalar wave is a bit weird. You can not have a wave without motion, you can not have motion without direction, so a wave can not be scalar. Only a field can be scalar.
Also a wave implies an energy exchange between two states, usually one state is a form of potential energy, the other a form of kinetic energy. Kinetic implies motion, motion implies direction etc...

Dr Konstantin Meyl's scalar wave kit.

I do not know what Meyl's game is, but I am not playing it. His practical work is full with wrong assumptions and overlooked facts and his math is downright sloppy. I do not understand how he could become "prof. dr. ing.", his work would look bad on high school students, and I am not going to discuss it here.
On the 1.5 times the speed of light as quoted from Tesla. This originates from his calculations of an electrical signal through the Earth. This signal travels as if it travels in a straight line through the centre of the Earth with a constant velocity equal to c. This means that the effects on the surface of the Earth travel with a varying velocity, infinite at the poles and c at the equator. The average velocity is pi/2 (about 1.57) times c as a bit of simple math will quickly reveal.


Ernst.

[thx1138]

Tesla mostly used AC. In his time there were no diodes. But in his more advanced work he used a commutator to change it into DC.

Tesla had several patents for circuit controllers that used mercury. It turns out that a pool of mercury only allows current to travel in one direction and it can handle quite high voltages and currents - powers ranging from kilowatts up to a few megawatts, at voltages ranging from 110V to 30KV. They have been used up until very recently in high power radio stations. They may still be in use but I'm not sure about that.
Mercury Arc Rectifier

Two of the seven Tesla patents that I found:
TESLA PATENT 611,719 - 1897
TESLA PATENT 613,735 - 1898

[Ernst]

That is an interesting thought. But if you look (wiki) at how and why a mercury arc rectifier works (low pressure, and a carbon anode) you will see that Tesla's circuit controllers (high pressure, mercury stream) will not rectify the current.




Ernst.