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Hi Peter....
I've been working hard in my hybrid motor, with some modifications to optimize the switching, and get the better torque possible... Is only a prototype yet, but I'm experimenting some phenomenon so I like share my results and get some of your opinion.
Three weeks ago, I’ve been investigating, about my theory of Capacitors vs. Batteries (matching impedance, Battery discharged=High impendence but Capacitor discharged=Low impedance).
Investigating about that, I found some about Gabriel Kron, Open-Paths, Closed-Paths; is like mine, but Capacitors vs. Inductors:
Kron, Gabriel. . "When only positive and negative real numbers exist, it is customary to replace a positive resistance by an inductance and a negative resistance by a capacitor (since none or only a few negative resistances exist on practical network analyzers.)" Gabriel Kron, "Numerical solution of ordinary and partial differential equations by means of equivalent circuits." Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 16, Mar. 1945a, p. 173.
So I’ve tried to reach over unity swapping batteries, but is some hard with normal SLI lead acid batteries, so my question in my mind was: How can I measure the real COP?.
COP many times can be affected by impendence on the battery, if the impedance is lower that impedance charging circuit, battery gets very low energy, that avoid battery can be charged to 100% correctly.
In Bedini SG theory COP must be measure in charging batt only taking account energy inputs, this energy can be measured with a 1 ohm resistor for example by applying the ohm law, then we can see on the charging batt COP>1.
That is ok for me, but my batts only can be charged to 25% max, when is fully discharged, my theory was impedance is getting low when charge go up. That is the reason why 1 ohm resistor reads only 0.7 volts but battery is efficiently charged, only when the batt is lower impedance than circuit the charge is stopped…. Then working hard all nights modifying the motor testing another setup searching for over unity total more energy in charging batt than battery power, the results was the same with three batts…. Batteries is getting weak showing 12.6 volts but is getting discharged fast (sulphated?).
That was my answer my batts are sulphated, then I begun to charge the batts with power supply 14 volts with resistor to C/10 by 20 hours, and surprise, all three batts is charged fully correctly, I tested the batts by putting a resistor on C/20 rate by 30 minutes, and results were stables and corrects mathematically. Then my mind told me, if you test the motor charging a capacitor is possible measure really the COP?. First testing with many normal capacitors the 200 volts X 330 uf is charged in one second to 120 volts, but obviously neon is glowing, with 50volts X 2200uf is charged in 2 seconds aprox, very fast.... Then I decided find a Big Capacitor so I bought one Big Capacitor 1.5 Farads X 20 volts max, I’ve tunned my motor with the max output possible and low amp drawing, to definitively test if motor is over totally over unity or not. With one Battery 5aH, running the motor reading 12.10 volts and drawing 0.25 amps, The capacitor was charged to 18 volts in 75.15 seconds. Then my math, please correct to me if I’m wrong:
J=0.5xCxVxV
J=0.75x18x18
=243 Joules
Then…..
Output=243/75.15 seconds = 3.8 Watt seconds
Input=12.13 Volts x 0.250 A = 3.03 Watts seconds
COP = 3.8 / 3.03 = 1.254
That calculation is Ok? If is ok how can I convert radiant energy is usefull energy more efficiently?. Converting Lead acid batt in Alkaline Batt is possible charge them and make Batt Swap?.
If my results are correct I would like show yours more about my setup
….
Thanks….
I've been working hard in my hybrid motor, with some modifications to optimize the switching, and get the better torque possible... Is only a prototype yet, but I'm experimenting some phenomenon so I like share my results and get some of your opinion.
Three weeks ago, I’ve been investigating, about my theory of Capacitors vs. Batteries (matching impedance, Battery discharged=High impendence but Capacitor discharged=Low impedance).
Investigating about that, I found some about Gabriel Kron, Open-Paths, Closed-Paths; is like mine, but Capacitors vs. Inductors:
Kron, Gabriel. . "When only positive and negative real numbers exist, it is customary to replace a positive resistance by an inductance and a negative resistance by a capacitor (since none or only a few negative resistances exist on practical network analyzers.)" Gabriel Kron, "Numerical solution of ordinary and partial differential equations by means of equivalent circuits." Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 16, Mar. 1945a, p. 173.
So I’ve tried to reach over unity swapping batteries, but is some hard with normal SLI lead acid batteries, so my question in my mind was: How can I measure the real COP?.
COP many times can be affected by impendence on the battery, if the impedance is lower that impedance charging circuit, battery gets very low energy, that avoid battery can be charged to 100% correctly.
In Bedini SG theory COP must be measure in charging batt only taking account energy inputs, this energy can be measured with a 1 ohm resistor for example by applying the ohm law, then we can see on the charging batt COP>1.
That is ok for me, but my batts only can be charged to 25% max, when is fully discharged, my theory was impedance is getting low when charge go up. That is the reason why 1 ohm resistor reads only 0.7 volts but battery is efficiently charged, only when the batt is lower impedance than circuit the charge is stopped…. Then working hard all nights modifying the motor testing another setup searching for over unity total more energy in charging batt than battery power, the results was the same with three batts…. Batteries is getting weak showing 12.6 volts but is getting discharged fast (sulphated?).
That was my answer my batts are sulphated, then I begun to charge the batts with power supply 14 volts with resistor to C/10 by 20 hours, and surprise, all three batts is charged fully correctly, I tested the batts by putting a resistor on C/20 rate by 30 minutes, and results were stables and corrects mathematically. Then my mind told me, if you test the motor charging a capacitor is possible measure really the COP?. First testing with many normal capacitors the 200 volts X 330 uf is charged in one second to 120 volts, but obviously neon is glowing, with 50volts X 2200uf is charged in 2 seconds aprox, very fast.... Then I decided find a Big Capacitor so I bought one Big Capacitor 1.5 Farads X 20 volts max, I’ve tunned my motor with the max output possible and low amp drawing, to definitively test if motor is over totally over unity or not. With one Battery 5aH, running the motor reading 12.10 volts and drawing 0.25 amps, The capacitor was charged to 18 volts in 75.15 seconds. Then my math, please correct to me if I’m wrong:
J=0.5xCxVxV
J=0.75x18x18
=243 Joules
Then…..
Output=243/75.15 seconds = 3.8 Watt seconds
Input=12.13 Volts x 0.250 A = 3.03 Watts seconds
COP = 3.8 / 3.03 = 1.254
That calculation is Ok? If is ok how can I convert radiant energy is usefull energy more efficiently?. Converting Lead acid batt in Alkaline Batt is possible charge them and make Batt Swap?.
If my results are correct I would like show yours more about my setup
….Thanks….