Achieve Overunity with 7 components

[nul-points]

7 ? well, ok, you need a few logic gates to control the switching!


After experimenting with switching inductors with transistors, on and off (excuse the pun) for two years and making little progress, i started experimenting at the beginning of March this year with switched charge circuits using capacitors and inductors - similar to techniques used in some switching Power Supplies

i noticed that i was getting more total Coulombs 'charge' in the capacitors at the end of a test than i had at the beginning

this led me to investigate whether the charge gain could also lead to an energy gain

early tests showed overall system efficiencies around 70 - 80% which surprised me because the 'text-book' equations were showing a maximum 50% efficiency for charging capacitors

i realised after a while that, although i was achieving a high efficiency in charging my output capacitor, i was wasting the energy which was being expended in charging it in the first place

by re-arranging my circuit so that the load resistance was included in both the charging AND the discharge path of the output capacitor i was able to achieve overall system efficiencies around 125%

since then, with lower DC resistance inductors and lower ESR capacitors i've been able to increase the performance to achieve around 145% efficiency at the load wrt the input

the components are all off-the-shelf apart from the inductor, which have been hand-wound for my experiments

i don't believe there is anything special about the inductor - mine are a few mH, DC resistance between 0.5 to 2 ohm, enamelled wire, 0.45mm diam., random wound, solenoid style, on ferrite tube cores about 12mm diam. x 30mm


MOSFET Q1 is switched to give a pulse width which (for my inductor & supply volts) can be in the range, say, 50 - 200us, repetition rate (again for my system) from, say, 0.5ms & greater

i apply of the order of 10 - 30 pulses to charge C2, then (when Q1 is off) switch MOSFET Q2 to fully discharge C2 back through the inductor and resistive load

to check the efficiency at the load, i run the test for one cycle: ie. charge C2 once with a pulse-train, followed by a full discharge of C2

i measure the energy supplied to the circuit by starting with a known voltage on C1, after adjusting either the pulse width or the number of pulses to achieve a 1V discharge from C1, and then calculating the difference in energy states of C1 at the start and end of the test (both C1 and C2 have been measured)

i measure the energy output at the load resistor R1 by recording the voltage waveform across it and exporting the data to Excel, where i calculate the instantaneous power for each data sample (Vr * Vr / R1), then sum all the powers for whole number of samples from the start of the first pulse to the end of the final discharge and divide by that number of samples to get the average power

i then multiply the average power by the time period for that number of samples to get the energy

to check the results, i note the final stored voltage reached on C2 and find the energy it represents for that value of capacitor - this value agrees closely with the discharge energy value obtained from the scope waveform

as a rule-of-thumb, the total energy converted by the circuit will be twice the final amount stored in C2 because the same value of work is expended in charging a capacitor as gets stored by that process - this cross-checks with the total value of energy measured at the load

these are the values for the circuit and scope trace (hopefully) loaded with this post:-

input energy supplied by C1 (from 8V to 7V): 1.42mJoules


measured energy charging C2 through R1: 1.12mJ
measured energy discharging C2 through R1: 0.97mJ

total energy converted through R1: 2.09mJ

load efficiency: 2.09 * 100 / 1.42 = 146%


output energy check:-

final C2 voltage: 3.12V
final stored energy on C2: 0.95mJ
(agrees with measured discharged value shown above)

C1 measured as 190uF (220uF nominal; 100V; non-polarised)
C2 measured as 196uF (220uF nominal; 100V; non-polarised)
R1 measured as 10 ohms
D1 is 1N5817 Schottky diode
Q1 is FDN304P MOSFET (charge switch)
Q2 is IRF540N MOSFET (discharge switch)

progress of these experiments has been posted on a couple of threads on Overunity.com since March '08 and more background and intermediate data is given on my website:


Doc Ringwood's 'Free Energy' page


all the best
sandy

[boguslaw]

Your WWW page is awesome! You are right, that was what Tesla found - a capacitor may be discharged producing light-like frequencies of electrostatic field oscillation, nothing similar to electric arc. That operated many of his high frequency devices. He was also able to charge second capacitor with that field (radiant energy) very very fast and discharge at lower rate ,just to mimic AC current. That's what I believe is shown in his patents.

[Allcanadian]

@nul-points

i realised after a while that, although i was achieving a high efficiency in charging my output capacitor, i was wasting the energy which was being expended in charging it in the first place
by re-arranging my circuit so that the load resistance was included in both the charging AND the discharge path of the output capacitor i was able to achieve overall system efficiencies around 125%

Good job
I have found this as well, a while ago I was testing a circuit which impulsively charges a 2 Farad capacitor from a 12v battery through a DC motor, then the capacitor discharges back through the DC motor and into the inductance of a DC/DC converter in which case the current has travelled through the motor twice and a portion of the energy is returned to the battery. The problem with these big caps however is that they are slow charge/discharge while smaller caps have a bit more "snap" to them.
Have you thought of trying a cascade reaction like a delay line to produce the same effects?.
Regards
AC

[nul-points]

thanks guys - much appreciated

[Sephiroth]

Arrived from AC's thread....


Hi Sandy,

Yes, I have little doubt your circuit is over COP1

But as far as I understand, it is still an experimental model.

Technically the experiment I posted earlier is already overunity since the common explanation of the missing 50% of the energy is that it is disipitated as heat! So I recovered 50% of my electrical energy, released 50% of the energy as heat, and gained an additional 20% electrical energy so the cop is sitting at about 1.2 but this could be improved. So if I wanted an overunity heater (that isn't a heat pump ) this would be the way to go

But I don't want heat... I want an excess of electrical.

So how about redesigning the circuit with that in mind? As I said, I have little doubt that it is good proof of concept, but at the moment it has little practical application other than scientific? no?

[Sephiroth]

in fact... I just realised... discharging a cap into another cap is LESS than 50% efficient!

in the experiment I posted earlier I started with 1.78464 joules. Then performed the experiment and ended up with a 33,000 cap with 0.54553125 joules (the originally charged cap) and another 33,000 cap with 0.34460085 joules! That means 1.23910875 joules left the original cap and only 0.34460085 ended up in the second capacitor! So discharging a cap into another cap may be 50% efficient, but the efficiency in energy transfer is only 27%!!! Caps suck

[gmeat]

[quote=Sephiroth;35783]in fact... I just realised... discharging a cap into another cap is LESS than 50% efficient!

in the experiment I posted earlier I started with 1.78464 joules. Then performed the experiment and ended up with a 33,000 cap with 0.54553125 joules (the originally charged cap) and another 33,000 cap with 0.34460085 joules! That means 1.23910875 joules left the original cap and only 0.34460085 ended up in the second capacitor! So discharging a cap into another cap may be 50% efficient, but the efficiency in energy transfer is only 27%!!! Caps suck [/quote


LOL,

Well something recovered is better than nothing .


-Gary

[nul-points]

hi Seph

> "Technically the experiment I posted earlier is already overunity"

not quite

unless the heat is output through an intentional load then it is just wasted - a loss

i think that your circuit dissipated the heat in wiring and I^2*R losses in the coils during the charging of the output capacitor, not in an intentional load, added for the purpose - am i right?

my circuit is designed to direct 145% of the output energy through a resistive load - it's real - it's measurable on a scope trace across the load resistor

as you'll remember, i offered to help you make use of the techniques which i've posted here, in your Solid State circuit a few months ago, but it turned out you were busy with other things

call it experimental if you like - what better way to learn how to control this effect? - but this is actually providing heat in a way which is 145% efficient

i'd say that we're approaching the time of year when a lot of people would say that a heater which provides 45% more heat than you pay for is a very practical application indeed


> "how about redesigning the circuit with that [excess electrical output] in mind?"

you don't see much hard evidence (ie. measured results) of real overunity on our Free Energy forums

so much so, that skeptics still have a field day shooting down 'Straw Men', saying things like "if something could 'break' any of the sacrosanct rules of Thermodynamics, it would be a 'Perpetuum Mobile'- and we all know that's impossible, so this person must be a crank to even try"

so, i believe that to have actually produced results which are showing measured efficiencies well over 100% is a modest achievement in its own right

but apparently you want blood, as well as your pound of flesh - there's just no pleasing some people!

well, be assured that i'm just as eager as you are to see other ways to capitalise on this effect - i'm continuing with my experiments, and, as i've done since i started out on this project, back in March this year, i post my findings on my website and in threads like this


of course, if you'ld followed up on my offer to help you with the things i've learnt and apply them to your own circuits we might now be asking YOU to give us circuits which provide "an excess of electrical" ...just teasing, Seph

all the best
sandy

[Sephiroth]

your right that there is no intentional load on my circuit, but pop in a 1 ohm resistor and bingo The results would be precisely the same except now the majority of the heat will be dissipitated through the resistor instead of the circuit as a whole.

I don't need to be convinced. Get your circuit out there and show the "educated" sceptics! I fully believe your circuit produces over cop1 because I have seen the effect in my circuits which are based on the same principle. Please don't feel insulted that I haven't duplicated your circuit yet.

And yes I have been busy I'm not done with two stage inductance yet.

[Inquorate]

Back to basics?

Resistors with Inductors and Capacitors

Except, with super fast pulses, say, using 555 timer circuit, using coils and caps, we can utilize voltage bunching effect before current flow.

In T. Moray's 'book' sea of energy, he talks about oscillating a system until it reaches natural resonance with aether field trying to sustain it. Just like inductor collapse where coil's magnetic field tries to sustain voltage by creating current.. Might even be a mathematical extension of the same 'laws'..

All the answers are there staring us in the face. We'll just keep looking until one of us sees enough parts to see the pattern..

I had 12v battery to coil (just 30 grams of .25mm wire still on spool I bought it on) to 1 farad 5 volt cap to 555 timer (pots to tune pulse fri and duration) and led light to another 5 volt 1 farad cap back to battery. Light stopped pulsing after c5 mins - at the time I didn't know cap in dc circuit offers infinite resistance. Thus didn't know why led stopped shining when current flow to cap dropped so much it couldn't function. I thought a surge had killed it.. Pffft, damn newbies :-) That happened, if my memory serves me well, at about 4v on both caps. After led stopped blinking, things got interesting. After c20 mins, battery had gone from 12.4 v to 12.55 volts and one cap was 6.something v, the other was 8.something v..

Obviously the voltage gains slowed over time with current virtually stopped. Didn't know that then, either.

I'd been intending to return to that circuit once I'd figured out how to swap out charged caps to discharge them into battery, while new caps started charging up. Pos pulsing transformer with another 555 timer from caps. Transformer would produce over battery voltage..

I even got 2 2.5v 55 farad caps (Jaycar Electronics) to try out. Been busy working on high voltage pulsed systems though for now.

Steep learning curve, electronics. Hope this helps. Ps if requested, I think I drew up schematic and test results I can post. Have to find it first amongst all my crazy scientist drawings :-)

[nul-points]

hi Seph

your right that there is no intentional load on my circuit, but pop in a 1 ohm resistor and bingo The results would be precisely the same except now the majority of the heat will be dissipitated through the resistor instead of the circuit as a whole.

I don't need to be convinced. Get your circuit out there and show the "educated" sceptics! I fully believe your circuit produces over cop1 because I have seen the effect in my circuits which are based on the same principle. Please don't feel insulted that I haven't duplicated your circuit yet.

And yes I have been busy I'm not done with two stage inductance yet.

hi Seph

it's not quite as simple as 'popping in a 1 ohm resistor and bingo' to utilise the whole output - which is what i was telling you about when we first made contact

fortunately it's not a LOT more complex either - but you DO need to organise your circuit so that BOTH the charging AND the discharging energy gets applied down the same path to collect the full efficiency on the load - otherwise you just end up with around 75% efficiency at the load

you also need to make your load sufficiently greater than your circuit losses to ensure that you still get overunity at the load - eg 1 ohm losses in wiring and inductor, with a 1 ohm load would mean only 50% of output on load! ...what IS the DC resistance of your switching inductor?


i'm not trying to 'convince' you - i'm just doing what i've been doing: sharing the results here, which i'm measuring, and how i achieved them

no worries - no insults perceived - several people have got in contact and are are now experimenting with this cap charging effect themselves - we're bouncing ideas around on tests to try and measurements to make to confirm this is real

confirm the effect & understand how to optimise it - and then you are well on the way to applying it


hi Inquorate

interesting ideas about the relationship to pulsed activity - one of the guys looking into replicating this effect is also thinking along those lines

i'm wondering if what we're seeing is actually more related to 'Reactive Power' behaviour

interesting times

all the best
sandy

[Inquorate]

One more thought..

The caps kept self charging after I took them out of system.. I manually discharged them by running small dc motor (extracted from old vcr) and got distracted, came back to put them back into wishboard and before connecting battery, took a reading of c4 volts each. Also, ran with only cap before 555 (not after)and it built up to 8v.. Hardy little things eh. Also.. Might be poignant, tried running with coil of wire in different positions in circuit, and voltage would initially increase in caps but battery ran down. Caps would get to 4 and 6v..

[Chip Shorter]

In T. Moray's 'book' sea of energy, he talks about oscillating a system until it reaches natural resonance with aether field trying to sustain it.

Near field coupling. Moray was right on. Remember the planet is a giant capacitor. We live on the (-) plate.

[patmac]

It's a great circuit, using the Zener to control cap discharge is very ingeniuos, I was trying the Bearden's step up capacitor, but capacitor rigid plates is hard to find, so, your setup is better, because normal electrolitic capacitor can work.

I was trying with one capacitor and mosfet switched by reed, to testi it with my Bedini SG and my 1.5 Farads capacitor. Your setup, can work too, for my goals by using two reed's to switch the mosfets.

[Guest]

This Bearden's step up capacitor you mentioned, is it his step-charging device in his ramp pulse-generator circuit?

If so i have a solution that can be easily made from household parts.