Do the Hendershot Magnatronic & Sweet VTA use the same principle?
I haven't had much progress on my Hendershot build so I've started looking for things that might apply which I have been overlooking.
One of the things I found was the Floyd Sweet Vacuum Triode Amplifier (VTA) and it's predecessor, the Space Quanta Modulator (SQM). Although I had looked at it earlier, I didn't recognize the similarities until now. One of the things that put me off the VTA was the "secret" "magnet conditioning" that Sweet was said to use. This time around I found a video that shows what some say that procedure is: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UVhG...&feature=g-u-u
What they are essentially saying is that Sweet demagnetized the center portion of his rectangular magnets to a degree while leaving the outside perimeter the opposite polarity so that there was a "magnetic bubble" in the center area that could be pushed around with a low power oscillating coil.
The Hendershot schematics and texts usually say to use an "iron" armature and coil cores but I found in one location where it said "soft iron." "Soft iron" refers not to iron with no carbon content but to magnetically "soft" metal which is typically 80% nickel, 15 to 20% iron, and sometimes 5% molybdenum, the molybdenum added to make it easier to machine the cooled metal. There are various different combinations of elements that give slightly different properties and the products are known under different brand names - Permalloy, MuMetal, HyMU, etc. Today they are typically used for magnetic shielding and that leads, somewhat back to Hendershot because one of today's uses is to shield aviation magnetic compasses from electrical circuits in the instrument panel and electrical noise from engine ignition systems. Hendershot worked on aviation compasses and this might well be the tie to Lindberg. Lindberg may have used a compass built by Hendershot.
Another thing that most people miss is that the photos of the Hendershot builds show a 3-pole radar magnetron magnet but most schematics only show a 2-pole magnet. I've only seen one schematic that shows the 3-pole magnet and it didn't have the poles marked. A radar magnetron magnet has a center pole that is the opposite polarity of the end poles. And the two halves have opposite polarities. So one side is N-S-N and the other is S-N-S. N-S-N is what is shown in the Sweet SQM schematic.
What's of interest here is that the center pole of the radar magnet does not project out as far as the end poles because the radar detection tube is installed there between the two halves. This makes the center polarity weaker when a Hendershot armature is placed across the outer poles of the magnet.
Combining that feature with a steel armature doesn't really do anything worth mentioning but when that armature is made of Permalloy or similar material there is a startling difference - what looks like the "magnetic bubble" of the VTA magnet. See the second attachment.
The Sweet SQM can be redrawn as the Hendershot ringer coil "buzzer" assembly and vice versa. See the first attachment.
Comparing the VTA and Hendershot schematics also brings up interesting similarities. Yes, there are differences but I think mostly because Hendershot produced a self sustaining device while Sweet relied on a low power oscillator. See the third attachment.
In the posts immediately above this one there is some discussion about whether or not Hendershot used radium in the paraffin inside the capcoil. The similarities of the circuits bring up another possibility: Hendershot might have used barium titanate in the paraffin. Sweet's magnets were barium-ferrite and barium also shows up in some other OU devices. The Hutchison Effect and the McClain & Wooten Magnetic Resonance Amplifier both used barium titanate.
Barium titanate is plentiful, relatively cheap, and is not radioactive. It does require caution when using the powder and you don't want to get it in your lungs but simple contact is handled by just washing it off. So use a respirator and rubber gloves when working with it.
Barium titanate has some interesting properties. It is ferroelectric and piezoelectric.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferroelectricity
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barium_titanate
I haven't yet modified my build to test any of this but thought I should post it so it doesn't get "lost."
One of the things I need to continue is an affordable small signal amplifier that will handle roughly 50Hz to 200kHz. I have a signal generator but need an amplifier. Any suggestions? I can build one if I need to but I would rather buy one if it's reasonably priced.
I haven't had much progress on my Hendershot build so I've started looking for things that might apply which I have been overlooking.
One of the things I found was the Floyd Sweet Vacuum Triode Amplifier (VTA) and it's predecessor, the Space Quanta Modulator (SQM). Although I had looked at it earlier, I didn't recognize the similarities until now. One of the things that put me off the VTA was the "secret" "magnet conditioning" that Sweet was said to use. This time around I found a video that shows what some say that procedure is: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UVhG...&feature=g-u-u
What they are essentially saying is that Sweet demagnetized the center portion of his rectangular magnets to a degree while leaving the outside perimeter the opposite polarity so that there was a "magnetic bubble" in the center area that could be pushed around with a low power oscillating coil.
The Hendershot schematics and texts usually say to use an "iron" armature and coil cores but I found in one location where it said "soft iron." "Soft iron" refers not to iron with no carbon content but to magnetically "soft" metal which is typically 80% nickel, 15 to 20% iron, and sometimes 5% molybdenum, the molybdenum added to make it easier to machine the cooled metal. There are various different combinations of elements that give slightly different properties and the products are known under different brand names - Permalloy, MuMetal, HyMU, etc. Today they are typically used for magnetic shielding and that leads, somewhat back to Hendershot because one of today's uses is to shield aviation magnetic compasses from electrical circuits in the instrument panel and electrical noise from engine ignition systems. Hendershot worked on aviation compasses and this might well be the tie to Lindberg. Lindberg may have used a compass built by Hendershot.
Another thing that most people miss is that the photos of the Hendershot builds show a 3-pole radar magnetron magnet but most schematics only show a 2-pole magnet. I've only seen one schematic that shows the 3-pole magnet and it didn't have the poles marked. A radar magnetron magnet has a center pole that is the opposite polarity of the end poles. And the two halves have opposite polarities. So one side is N-S-N and the other is S-N-S. N-S-N is what is shown in the Sweet SQM schematic.
What's of interest here is that the center pole of the radar magnet does not project out as far as the end poles because the radar detection tube is installed there between the two halves. This makes the center polarity weaker when a Hendershot armature is placed across the outer poles of the magnet.
Combining that feature with a steel armature doesn't really do anything worth mentioning but when that armature is made of Permalloy or similar material there is a startling difference - what looks like the "magnetic bubble" of the VTA magnet. See the second attachment.
The Sweet SQM can be redrawn as the Hendershot ringer coil "buzzer" assembly and vice versa. See the first attachment.
Comparing the VTA and Hendershot schematics also brings up interesting similarities. Yes, there are differences but I think mostly because Hendershot produced a self sustaining device while Sweet relied on a low power oscillator. See the third attachment.
In the posts immediately above this one there is some discussion about whether or not Hendershot used radium in the paraffin inside the capcoil. The similarities of the circuits bring up another possibility: Hendershot might have used barium titanate in the paraffin. Sweet's magnets were barium-ferrite and barium also shows up in some other OU devices. The Hutchison Effect and the McClain & Wooten Magnetic Resonance Amplifier both used barium titanate.
Barium titanate is plentiful, relatively cheap, and is not radioactive. It does require caution when using the powder and you don't want to get it in your lungs but simple contact is handled by just washing it off. So use a respirator and rubber gloves when working with it.
Barium titanate has some interesting properties. It is ferroelectric and piezoelectric.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferroelectricity
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barium_titanate
I haven't yet modified my build to test any of this but thought I should post it so it doesn't get "lost."
One of the things I need to continue is an affordable small signal amplifier that will handle roughly 50Hz to 200kHz. I have a signal generator but need an amplifier. Any suggestions? I can build one if I need to but I would rather buy one if it's reasonably priced.
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