Hendershot Replications

[ZeroMassInertia]

Thanks Dave45

Thanks Dave45 for the utube link in post 373, Resonance Beings of Frequency.
All researchers should view this video and heed its information.

[Gazzasore]

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=20e-UYXvDJc

[Dave45]

Hey Morpher44
You mentioned using an optoisolater

Using Power MOSFETs to Drive Resonant Transformers

[drak]

I made my capacitors using Reynolds aluminum foil and Reynolds wax paper, I followed the dimension instructions of 2"3/4 wide, 40 3/8", 40", and 91 1/8", etc.. And I'm getting about 22nF not the 7.8nF. Perhaps my wax paper is too thin?


I'm also not using stainless steal but the metal is attracted to magnets.


Perhaps I should used the foil from the capacitor?


Maybe 22nF will work?

[drak]

Using the foil from the capacitor brought it down to 18nF


I think I'll try shortening the Reynolds foil to get 7.8nF

[morpher44]

22nf caps

Using the foil from the capacitor brought it down to 18nF


I think I'll try shortening the Reynolds foil to get 7.8nF

Drak,
I ran into this as well and had a similar measurement on the very crude capacitor I made. Mine was pretty sloppy, and difficult to get the wax paper THIN and uniform. I probably should have rolled it up with more pressure.
Anyway, what I ended up doing, because I was just experimenting a bit w/o caring too much about the build, I ended up putting some off-the-shelf caps in series with the hand-made cap to reduce the capacitance that way.

I've wondered why this value of capacitance really matters. With frequencies coming from a relay, and back EMF spikes, etc. its possible a certain rise-time is wanted here. So if we think of this as an RC circuit, with R being some small value and C being that 7.8nF value, we can take a very SHARP peaked, high-voltage spike and smooth it out a bit.

The aluminum foil will have high resistance -- different from foil pulled out of one of those old capacitors that Hendershot used. So perhaps the rise-time calculations need to be adjusted for the materials you're using.

The tank circuit being created with the coil and this hand-made capacitor, will respond BEST to certain frequencies.
I think from the AHO material the tank circuit had:
1.6 ohm, .12 millihenry coil connected in parallel with the hand-made
7.8nF capacitor.

This would yield resonance @ 164.5Khz, have parallel Q equal to
.0129 and and bandwidth 12,752,812 (crazy wide).
XL and XC at resonance would be 124ohms but Z, impedance
is 1.6 ohms.
In terms of T.H. Moray's math,
4L/C = 61538.4
versus
R * R = 2.56
so Oscillations are possible and R should be kept below 248Ohms.

This is an ODD frequency in that is FAR higher than the buzzer frequency, but well below the AM band.

I am not sure the tank circuit sees that inductance ONLY, however. I was reading up on the laws of transfomers, and circuit analysis is a bit more complicated with inductively coupled "transformer-like" stuff going on.
The inductive seen by that tank circuit might have a much higher inductance due to the COLUMNs of coils on the Hendershot coil and the further connections to 10:1 transformers in the circuit.

This would be a challenging circuit to analyze.

The only things I could conclude was that bandwidth is "wide-band" and that lots of inductances are connected in series (and hence ADD up to a larger inductance). These choices may be intentional to resonate much LOWER in frequency -- which would make sense since we have a BUZZER chopping along in the range of 40 HZ to 120 Hz (and probably not much faster).

Another thing to consider, which I had not considered during my build, was the problem of connecting copper wire to aluminum foils.
This is a non-trivial problem due to oxidization, galvanic effects, etc.
You can read up on this. It is a problem in homes that have some aluminum wiring and some copper wiring. Done wrong, fires can be started. Aluminum is "hotter" when current
runs through it. Looks like you got some clip-leads on some metal posts.

[Gazzasore]

Drak,
I ran into this as well and had a similar measurement on the very crude capacitor I made. Mine was pretty sloppy, and difficult to get the wax paper THIN and uniform. I probably should have rolled it up with more pressure.
Anyway, what I ended up doing, because I was just experimenting a bit w/o caring too much about the build, I ended up putting some off-the-shelf caps in series with the hand-made cap to reduce the capacitance that way.

I've wondered why this value of capacitance really matters. With frequencies coming from a relay, and back EMF spikes, etc. its possible a certain rise-time is wanted here. So if we think of this as an RC circuit, with R being some small value and C being that 7.8nF value, we can take a very SHARP peaked, high-voltage spike and smooth it out a bit.

The aluminum foil will have high resistance -- different from foil pulled out of one of those old capacitors that Hendershot used. So perhaps the rise-time calculations need to be adjusted for the materials you're using.

The tank circuit being created with the coil and this hand-made capacitor, will respond BEST to certain frequencies.
I think from the AHO material the tank circuit had:
1.6 ohm, .12 millihendry coil connected in parallel with the hand-made
7.8nF capacitor.

This would yield resonance @ 164.5Khz, have parallel Q equal to
.0129 and and bandwidth 12,752,812 (crazy wide).
XL and XC at resonance would be 124ohms but Z, impedance
is 1.6 ohms.
In terms of T.H. Moray's math,
4L/C = 61538.4
versus
R * R = 2.56
so Oscillations are possible and R should be kept below 248Ohms.

This is an ODD frequency in that is FAR higher than the buzzer frequency, but well below the AM band.

I am not sure the tank circuit sees that inductance ONLY, however. I was reading up on the laws of transfomers, and circuit analysis is a bit more complicated with inductively coupled "transformer-like" stuff going on.
The inductive seen by that tank circuit might have a much higher inductance due to the COLUMNs of coils on the Hendershot coil and the further connections to 10:1 transformers in the circuit.

This would be a challenging circuit to analyze.

The only things I could conclude was that bandwidth is "wide-band" and that lots of inductances are connected in series (and hence ADD up to a larger inductance). These choices may be intentional to resonate much LOWER in frequency -- which would make sense since we have a BUZZER chopping along in the range of 40 HZ to 120 Hz (and probably not much faster).

Another thing to consider, which I had not considered during my build, was the problem of connecting copper wire to aluminum foils.
This is a non-trivial problem due to oxidization, galvanic effects, etc.
You can read up on this. It is a problem in homes that have some aluminum wiring and some copper wiring. Done wrong, fires can be started. Aluminum is "hotter" when current
runs through it.

Yes I wonder how thick the Wax Paper was in the 1920-60 & Foils for that matter
I have seen people making Capacitors using Foil the same thickness of Tin Foil food trays

[drak]

I've wondered why this value of capacitance really matters. With frequencies coming from a relay, and back EMF spikes, etc. its possible a certain rise-time is wanted here. So if we think of this as an RC circuit, with R being some small value and C being that 7.8nF value, we can take a very SHARP peaked, high-voltage spike and smooth it out a bit.

I'm not sure myself, but I would like to get it as close to that value as possible. The whole thing confuses me and is over my head, because most of the schematics doesn't even have that capacitor hooked to anything besides the outside coil. There is probably lots of frequencies running through this thing all working together, like Ismael said that his device does. I don't know. I know his device is completly different.

The aluminum foil will have high resistance -- different from foil pulled out of one of those old capacitors that Hendershot used. So perhaps the rise-time calculations need to be adjusted for the materials you're using.

I had forgot about resistance, I think I will stick with the cap foil and just cut it down. Hopefully the length of the foil as instructed is only for capacitance on the type of materials suggested, and not a requirement. I'm assuming cutting it down won't hurt but to get the 7.8nF.

Another thing to consider, which I had not considered during my build, was the problem of connecting copper wire to aluminum foils.
This is a non-trivial problem due to oxidization, galvanic effects, etc.
You can read up on this. It is a problem in homes that have some aluminum wiring and some copper wiring. Done wrong, fires can be started. Aluminum is "hotter" when current
runs through it.

I'm not worried about starting a fire, in fact it the thing bursts into flames I would be extremely happy. I attached mine this way:

[morpher44]

rise-time thought

I just had a thought.

Suppose you had a very fast high voltage spike. Let us suppose that spike is faster than 1nsec in width, and very high voltage.

What value of capacitance and resistance would you need to have a rise time that is an exact multiple of the speed-of-light around the circumference of your capacitor?

In other words, can it be shown that there is a "design" relationship between capacitance choice here of 7.8nF and the circumference of the capacitor?

Some back of the envelope calculations:

Assuming capacitor cylinder of 5.75 inch, speed of light around cylinder is approx. 1.529nSec.
An RC circuit has rise time of T=RC. Assuming we want 5T for the full rise,
we then have:
5T = 7.645nSec.
What value of R would be needed with a 7.8nF capacitor, to equal this 5T value?
7.645nSec / 7.8nF = .98 Ohms

Hence, with this math, we can sort of see that a high-energy SPIKE could be slowed down to RISE around the circumference of the capacitor.

[morpher44]

no fear of fire...

> I'm not worried about starting a fire, in fact it the thing bursts
> into flames I would be extremely happy. I attached mine this way...

Drak. Me too. We think alike.

I was reading there is this Aluminum antioxidant paste you can use...

[drak]

> I'm not worried about starting a fire, in fact it the thing bursts
> into flames I would be extremely happy. I attached mine this way...

Drak. Me too. We think alike.

I was reading there is this Aluminum antioxidant paste you can use...

Yes I think it is the same paste the code office required me to use when wiring up my electric meter outside my apartment. I was using alum wire to get my mains from the house to the apartment. Supposed to stop the oxidization.

[morpher44]

nice...

Hey Morpher44
You mentioned using an optoisolater

Using Power MOSFETs to Drive Resonant Transformers

Dave45,
Thanks. This looks really useful. I'll have to make me one of these.
-morpher44

[Dave45]

You probably know this but some may not, I didnt
Some ssr's use optic coupling Solid-state relay - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
A very useful tool.

[morpher44]

Heterodyne

Heterodyne?

TransVerter / Part 14 - YouTube

[Gazzasore]

Some interesting links from Russian Sister site


Magnetic Viewing Film, Looking at Zen Magnets
https://www.youtube.com/watch?featur...&v=AMggixEu0q0

Anybody ever heard of a battery Carpena
Батарейка Карпена: источник питания, который работает непрерывно 60 лет?

Wesley W. GARY Magnetic Motor
Wesley Gary's Magnetic Motor

Truth and fiction EH-antenna
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