Joulethief SEC exciter and variants

[lamare]

I was under the impression that if you used a smaller sphere, low capacitance, the energy will reach out into the environment as would be the case in option 1. But in option 2 you would need a much larger sphere to contain the energy and store it temporarily.

I've been chasing "option 2" for some time now....

In Tesla's version of option 2, he indeed used a very, very large sphere to temporary store the energy: the whole planet:

Tesla Coil Practical Applications | Tesla FAQ No. 45 | Interesting Facts About Nikola Tesla

In operating various devices with his high-frequency power supply using only one connecting wire he realized the load can placed at some distance from the power supply and still function properly. This is what Tesla called the transmission of electrical energy through one wire without return. While a load connected to only one of the high-potential terminals does not form a closed circuit, “in the ordinary acceptance of the term” the circuit is closed in the sense that a return path is established back to the secondary by so called displacement currents. This return path is directly between the two metal plates. At greater distances the capacitive coupling to ground predominates at both the transmitter and the receiver ends of the circuit. Instead of using individual capacitor plates at the transmitting and receiving ends it is also possible to make the connection directly to ground, completing the circuit entirely through the earth. The accompanying illustration of a one-wire power transmission system is from Tesla's U.S. Patent No. 593,138 titled "Electrical Transformer," covering the Tesla coil resonance transformer.

Waser says this about this same image:
http://www.andre-waser.ch/Publicatio...essSystems.pdf

This patent shows all characteristics of the high frequency circuits with high voltage and high currents as used by TESLA. In the following steps TESLA optimized the technology of generation and utilization of high frequency and high voltage apparatus, which he mostly applied to lighting systems with different kinds of bulbs. In the year 1897 he applied for three patents about the transmission of electrical energy. The first patent[23] he registered on March 20th about a high frequency transformer with high power capabilities. Besides a common ground connection this transmission method needs only one transmission wire.

The generator G supplies the primary of the flat coil C. This simplified diagram does not come very close to the real experimental setup[27]. Then as previously shown with the patent about the lighting system an intermediate step-up transformation with a spark gap and a high voltage transformer is necessary to achieve a resonant frequency of some million cycles per second. With some advantages it is also possible to use this step-up transformation after the flat secondary coil B. This flat coil TESLA[21] has extra patented because of its excellent performance with high voltage and high frequency signals. On one end the secondary B is connected to ground and on the other end to the transmission wire which is connected to a receiving device with a flat coil B‘ of a symmetrical form. With a step-down transformation with the coil C‘ the electrical energy is finally transmitted from the generator G to the load L with only one conducting wire.

Some months later TESLA[27] has shown that the transmission wire can be dropped completely and can be replaced by a glass tube filled with air of low pressure.

In figure 3 the arrangement of figure 2 can be found again. With this discovery of the good electrical conductivity of air of low pressure the path was free for further developments.

Then on September 1897 TESLA[24],[25] has filed two other patents for the transmission of electrical energy (figure 4). But the granting of this patent has been made dependent of the experimental success as a corresponding part in the patent shows (Pat. 645‘576, p. 3, col. 2). In this patents TESLA writes of a grounded high frequency emitter with a highly elevated ball electrode which was in resonant connection with a symmetrical, grounded resonant circuit (receiver) to enable the energy transmission through the upper atmosphere, which in great heights becomes more and more conductive for electrical currents.

The Electrical Review[24] of London published on May 1899 a summary of articles about the work of Nikola TESLA previously published by their New York colleges. Here TESLA stated that the air will have a sufficient conductivity for his experiments, if the ball electrodes are placed in a height of four miles (~6.5 km). This could probably be done by balloons, TESLA suggested.

Figure 3 is "US-Patent 645,576 „System of Transmission of Electrical Energy“ filed on September 2nd 1897, issued on March 20th, 1900"


So, Tesla first invented one-wire transmission, then he used a fluorescent as a wave-guide instead of a wire and so he concluded he could also use the upper atmosphere as a (conducting) wave guide when the spheres are lifted high up in the air using balloons.

In other words: these earlier systems he did not attempt to put the planet into resonance and basically used it as a very big capacitor. The key difference with the magnifying transmitter is that in these earlier developments, the earth connection is supposed to be "cold" and it's main function is to establish a reference point, therby forcing a voltage node (cold spot) at the earth connection of the resonating coil. And since voltage and current are out of phase, you would get a currrent antinode (hot spot) at the base of the coil, so there is some current going back/forth between the coil and the earth, both at the transmitter and the receiver coils.

Now if you would place transmitter and receiver very close to one another, you could actually use the current that normally goes trough the earth connections, if the chosen frequency and accompaning wave-length is such that along the whole path from transmitter coil trough wire and trough receiver coil you have a whole number of wavelengths.

And then you would not need the transformer of the receiver to get your hands on the power, and you wouldn't need any spheres for establishing a reference point, so you have cut these two parts out of the design and if they're no longer there, they can also no longer spray any of your precious energy into space!



And that already comes very close to what I intend to do. My idea is to go two steps further and 1. fold the whole thing into one coil and 2. replace the primary drive circuit by a circuit that drives the the coil itself directly, also with the idea of reducing components and thus "leaking/spraying" parts and reducing wave reflections and such because of wave interactions, reflections, etc. between primary/secondary.


The question remains then what the significance of a pancake coil and/or bifilar wound coils is and what the advantages are. I posted something about this earlier:

http://www.energeticforum.com/renewa...tml#post115004
http://www.energeticforum.com/renewa...tml#post115135
http://www.energeticforum.com/renewa...tml#post147380


With some editing from the latter page:

Let me also shine some light on the significance of the pancake coil. I added the following note to Eric's book on my wiki:

Tuks DrippingPedia : Theory Of Wireless Power

This refers to this document: http://www.tuks.nl/pdf/Reference_Mat...ity_Factor.pdf


This article shows that the velocity factor goes to zero when the h/d ratio goes to zero. This means that a pancake coil is the easiest coil design to drive into a higher order resonance mode because the waves propagate trough it at much lower speeds compared to when they would travel trough the air, hence you easily get long wavelengts. So, it has low resonance frequencies and is therefore easy to drive into higher order resonance, and that is most likely why Tesla liked it so much.

So far, so good.

Now in order to be able to pick up all that energy in the multiple dipoles a higher order resonance mode in a coil consists of, you have to find a way to pick up the energy of all these dipoles. In the case you choose for a transfomer, you do this trough a coupled coil, the primary. And that means first of all that is very important to match the resonance frequencies of the primaries and the secondaries in your coil. The natural resonance frequency of your primary (the outer winding) should be a multiple of the secondary one. They have to be matched to one another, IMHO, for maximum output, even though in practice that should not be too difficult, because the pancake coil as a pretty low resonance frequency.

So, the pancake coil, or better: pakcake transformer, is most suitable for picking up all the energy from in the large secondary, because all the windings as well as all the dipoles are in one plane, no matter how/where they are actually placed in 3D, even though I guess the wave pattern inside a pancake coil will look something like this:

For a long, single wound coils, things get very complicated if you want to operate it as a transformer. How do you match the primary and secondary windings such that you are able to pick up energy from all the dipoles your standing wave consists of???


However, if you just operate it as a single oscillating apparatus that you drive directly, as I intend to do, then you don't have to match primary and secondary and therefore can avoid the problems associated with that.

To sum this up: if your aim is to try and get a magnifying effect, I think pancake transformers would be most efficient in transformer mode (but are hard to "tap" and drive directly), while a single wound coil can likely be used efficiently in "direct drive" mode.

[SuperCaviTationIstic]

And now the bad news: there is no option 3, whereby you can transmit power trough the air efficiently with these kinds of designs. Tesla's wireless system is a one-wire guided energy transmission system, that uses the whole planet as a resonating wave guide.

Any attempts to try and transmit power over a distance using sphere's as antenna is doomed for failure, because these things radiate the energy in all directions and do not magically focus the energy, just because some sphere at some distance is tapping into the energy of the propagating wave.

So, IMHO the only chances for transmitting power over a distance are to either use some kind of wave guide, which may be the whole planet (one-wire transmission), or to design a some kind of focussed-beam-antenna, such that the sprayed energy is focussed/guided, for example as is being done with satellite dish antenna's.

I think I agree with you aside from one possibility I see: Laser action, if you can design an efficient reciever/collector that could withstand a beam hitting it (maybe an enormous photomultiplier array?), and use a beam mode and wavelength that isn't easily attenuated. And in that case you'd go for the explosive bursts of option 1. And didn't Tesla later in his life announce that he had designed a beam device that produced a beam which grew smaller?

And an other thing I was thinking about: Do you agree that the special coil with the split secondary wound oppositely, which was the ONLY one Tesla ever talked about (that I can find reference to), during one of his lectures,... do you think that is the basis for coil type 1?
If the magnetic fields oppose each other, and there is no phase delay between the opposite sides, (in one type Eric seems to indicate there should be an odd phasing between the sides, because he shows a push-pull type setup for driving the primaries in one of his papers, but labels them as phases), and if the secondaries were connected in a certain way to the primaries, you could literally discharge the capacitor into free air with hardly any current actually discharging back to the other side of the capacitor , and it would happen WITHOUT oscillation due to the opposing magnetic fields.(does that make sense?)
I think with coil type 2 (Magnifier) the main difference is that each section of the coil is wound in opposite directions to the next, but each side is NOT a mirror- both sides of the secondary are wound the same, and both sides of the extra coils are the same, but opposite of the secondaries.

What do you think?

[dragon]

In option 1 you do everything you can to spray the collected energy into the space surrounding your system in order to create interesting effects up to a certain distance around your system, and you accept that most of the energy gets lost into nowhere. Since Eric writes that the poynting vector is in the same axis as the dielectric flux gradient, he is actually saying that he was able to emit longitudinal waves that way, so as far as I can tell you'd want to force a voltage antinode (hot spot) at the terminal where your sphere is to shake it as much as you possibly can using high voltages and you'd want to ground your system, since the sphere has a certain small capacitance towards the ground, so you have do drag some electrons back and forth between that small capacitance and the earth ground (or some metal plate or something). So, the capacitance is seen as a load c.q. antenna and is supposed to radiate c.q. create your shockwave.

In option 2 you do everything you can to prevent spraying the collected energy into space in order to keep it in your system, so you can use it to power a load. That means: no sphere at the top, unless you really want to put the planet into resonance, but I really doubt anyone here has the funds to be able to construct such a toy in the required size. In this case, you'd want to force a current antinode (hot spot) at the top, and since you want to use that current, you'd want to construct both a "transmitter" and a "reciever" as one apparatus, such that you have two terminals with current antinodes (hot spots) that are in phase. And since they are current antinodes, you would have voltage nodes (cold spots) and therefore (relatively) low voltages..

I was under the impression that if you used a smaller sphere, low capacitance, the energy will reach out into the environment as would be the case in option 1. But in option 2 you would need a much larger sphere to contain the energy and store it temporarily.

I've been chasing "option 2" for some time now....

[Slider2732]

I'm watching this one at the moment: ‪Eric Dollard Peter Lindemann Tesla's Longitudinal Electricity‬‏ - YouTube
The coils are pancakes, no upright secondary and very interesting !
Reminds me of the famous pic of Tesla sat on a chair, at Colorado Springs I believe,, with the huge spiral coil mounted on the wall behind him (I was months til I realised what that was).

@Jonny - Just a note about the coax inner raised pancake. I'm sure you would know, but it's the copper wire inside coax that forms the inner coil, not the plastic/shield and other gubbins too. Can be difficult to strip off all the rest, but most people have lengths of it and that thick copper deserves to be used

[lamare]

Just finished winding my new coil. 180 - 12 - 48 - 144 turns of .6 mm wire around a plastic tube normally used for electric wiring in a house. I used the 0.6 mm, because I'm out of .5 mm....

I leave the testing for another day and will spend some time downloading some of the YT video's posted here to my mobile phone for watching in the train to/from work tomorrow or so. You see, I'm behind the computer at work all day and can spend some time reading and posting technical news and such, but I can't watch Eric Dollard speak for several hours....

[lamare]

Hi Lamar, I'm not doubting your knowledge and I've actually learned allot from reading your posts. I still consider myself a novice working with these coils and have to build and test ideas, then draw conclusions from the results.

I've played with the kacher circuit for quite some time and really like it for it's simplicity. One of my early projects can be seen here ... http://www.energeticforum.com/renewa...tml#post106661 .

I've found over the time I've experimented with these things, there doesn't really need to be a direct connection to the resonant coil. Simply placing the coil in close proximity to the battery that is driving a circuit at it's own resonance will excite the coil and produce HV and even plasma discharges. Also, laying a simple plate in close proximity connected to a coil will act the same as a direct connection. This is similar to tesla's magnifier with the 3rd coil but without a direct connection.

Hi Dragon,

Your coils look great. Nice piece of work!

You sound a bit like you feel I'm criticizing you. So, just in case: That is not my intention. I'm just trying to make this stuff as clear as possible for everyone that reads this, including myself BTW. So, if was a bit too direct or anything, please don't take any offence. I'm trying to be of service, and I'm not trying to discredit anyone...

Anyway, what is important to also point out is that "smooth" harmonic resonances are not the only possible mechanism that may take place. I posted this some time ago about what Eric Dollard wrote in his intro to the Tesla coil:

Eric Dollard wrote some very interesting details in a.o. his "condensed intro to Tesla Coils":

http://www.tuks.nl/pdf/Eric_Dollard_...esla_Coils.pdf
http://www.tuks.nl/pdf/Eric_Dollard_...esla+Coils.pdf

In his writings Tesla indicates some seemingly impossible phenomena surround the emanations from the spherical terminal capacity, and I have determined these to be true by experiment. One is that the power gradient (poynting vector) is in the same axis as the dielectric flux gradient. The other is the slow formation of a conductive area surrounding the sphere that is not ionic in nature (in other words is not a spark or glow discharge).

Contrary to popular relief, the Tesla transformer is not a steady state device but is a magnifier of transient phenomena. Also it does not behave like a L. C. network nor a transmission line, but more like a unique type of wave guide. If all parts of the system are designed properly the EMF and hence dielectric flux jumps from zero to an enormous value almost instantaneously, thereby producing an almost inconceivable displacement current into space. The transformer is then basically a device for rapidly discharging the capacitor bank nearly instantly into free space, producing an enormous dielectric shock wave similar to a sonic boom.
Because the dissipation of the transformer is for all practical purposes negligible, the energy keeps increasing at a linear rate per cycle of oscillation, thereby accumulating a gigantic quantity of electrical energy. (A form of laser action may be possible.)

The formation of the energy impulse involves the discharge of a capacitor with the highest practical stored energy into an impedance (inductive) of the lowest practical value, and the discharge path is coupled to an energy supply through a negative resistance device. This negative resistance is classically a spark discharge, but a superior plasma device needs to be developed to enhance efficiency. Under optimal conditions the exponent of oscillation amplitude will be positive over a sustained period of time.

The net result of this system is the production of an extreme impulse of M.M.F.. An alternate method is the discharge of an inductor of the highest practical stored energy into a circuit of the lowerst practical admittance, thereby producing an enormous impulse of E.M.F.

I posted this in the Gray tube thread, because I think Gray may somehow have used this effect, but it is not clear to me (yet) how he might have done that.

I also have an OCR version of this book (under construction):
Tuks DrippingPedia : Condensed Intro Tesla Coils
Condensed_Intro_Tesla_Coils.html


So, what Eric says is that what is known as the Tesla coil and which is designed for creating high voltages and plasma's uses another principle of operation. For these kinds of effects, you want to get as much radiation as possible, so you want to have sudden discharges into your coil.

In other words: there are two distinct beasts hidden in more or less the same apparatus:

1. The Tesla coil, which uses high bandwidth, fast switching and produces high voltages and radiation and some other interesting phenomena, which are related to "producing an enormous dielectric shock wave similar to a sonic boom".

2. The Tesla magnifying transmitter, which does the exact opposit. It avoids radiation by avoiding sudden discharges/switching and is designed for getting a load/waveguide into higher order resonance, which gives you this magnifying effect.

Once this essential difference is clear, you can decide for yourself what direction you want to go.

If your aim is to generate interesting phenomena like plasma's, lighting fluorescent tubes, etc. you would go for option 1.

If your aim is to build a self-running device, you would go for option 2.

However, you can't choose option 1 and 2 both at the same time. So, you have to be careful not to mix these up.

I think that you do tap energy from the ZPE field in both cases.

In option 1 you do everything you can to spray the collected energy into the space surrounding your system in order to create interesting effects up to a certain distance around your system, and you accept that most of the energy gets lost into nowhere. Since Eric writes that the poynting vector is in the same axis as the dielectric flux gradient, he is actually saying that he was able to emit longitudinal waves that way, so as far as I can tell you'd want to force a voltage antinode (hot spot) at the terminal where your sphere is to shake it as much as you possibly can using high voltages and you'd want to ground your system, since the sphere has a certain small capacitance towards the ground, so you have do drag some electrons back and forth between that small capacitance and the earth ground (or some metal plate or something). So, the capacitance is seen as a load c.q. antenna and is supposed to radiate c.q. create your shockwave.

In option 2 you do everything you can to prevent spraying the collected energy into space in order to keep it in your system, so you can use it to power a load. That means: no sphere at the top, unless you really want to put the planet into resonance, but I really doubt anyone here has the funds to be able to construct such a toy in the required size. In this case, you'd want to force a current antinode (hot spot) at the top, and since you want to use that current, you'd want to construct both a "transmitter" and a "reciever" as one apparatus, such that you have two terminals with current antinodes (hot spots) that are in phase. And since they are current antinodes, you would have voltage nodes (cold spots) and therefore (relatively) low voltages.

In other words: option 1 and 2 are basically exact opposits and should be designed accordingly.

And this is what Tesla said himself:
Nikola Tesla On His Work With Alternating Currents -- Chapter IV

From my circuit you can get either electromagnetic waves, 90 percent of electromagnetic waves if you like, and 10 percent in the current energy that passes through the earth. Or, you can reverse the process and get 10 percent of the energy in electromagnetic waves and 90 percent in energy of the current that passes through the earth.

[...]

You see, the apparatus which I have devised was an apparatus enabling one to produce tremendous differences of potential and currents in an antenna circuit. These requirements must be fulfilled, whether you transmit by currents of conduction, or whether you transmit by electromagnetic waves. You want high potential currents, you want a great amount of vibratory energy; but you can graduate this vibratory energy. By proper design and choice of wave lengths, you can arrange it so that you get, for instance, 5 percent in these electromagnetic waves and 95 percent in the current that goes through the earth. That is what I am doing. Or you can get, as these radio men, 95 percent in the energy of electromagnetic waves and only 5 percent in the energy of the current. . . . The apparatus is suitable for one or the other method. I am not producing radiation with my system; I am suppressing electromagnetic waves. . . . In my system, you should free yourself of the idea that there is radiation, that the energy is radiated. It is not radiated; it is conserved. . . .

And now the bad news: there is no option 3, whereby you can transmit power trough the air efficiently with these kinds of designs. Tesla's wireless system is a one-wire guided energy transmission system, that uses the whole planet as a resonating wave guide.

Any attempts to try and transmit power over a distance using sphere's as antenna is doomed for failure, because these things radiate the energy in all directions and do not magically focus the energy, just because some sphere at some distance is tapping into the energy of the propagating wave.

So, IMHO the only chances for transmitting power over a distance are to either use some kind of wave guide, which may be the whole planet (one-wire transmission), or to design a some kind of focussed-beam-antenna, such that the sprayed energy is focussed/guided, for example as is being done with satellite dish antenna's.

[dragon]

Hi Lamar, I'm not doubting your knowledge and I've actually learned allot from reading your posts. I still consider myself a novice working with these coils and have to build and test ideas, then draw conclusions from the results.

I've played with the kacher circuit for quite some time and really like it for it's simplicity. One of my early projects can be seen here ... http://www.energeticforum.com/renewa...tml#post106661 .

I've found over the time I've experimented with these things, there doesn't really need to be a direct connection to the resonant coil. Simply placing the coil in close proximity to the battery that is driving a circuit at it's own resonance will excite the coil and produce HV and even plasma discharges. Also, laying a simple plate in close proximity connected to a coil will act the same as a direct connection. This is similar to tesla's magnifier with the 3rd coil but without a direct connection.

[dR-Green]

@dR - have you noticed that you can partially light a fluoro and then draw your hand lightly along the tube to further light it ? Sometimes a partially lit tube will fully light by doing that. Also, twirly house bulbs can be touched on the twirls to light different areas at say just 3V. I have no idea what happens to the current draw though when doing so.
Another good body effect is to see how far your range is with an LED, then put yourself between tower and LED and the range will increase substantially.

Yes I noticed that, I'm trying to even hold things in the same way as much as I can to see the difference between one configuration and another It certainly keeps things entertaining. I wonder why that happens though...

I also came to the conclusion last night that I have no idea how much power I'm actually using. The power supply has an ammeter built into it so I've started using that instead, but I don't know if it can be trusted. It rarely goes over 100mA. The digital meter seems to be completely useless at certain times. If I grab the meter to move it away it goes wild. It will tell me I'm using 2 amps when the PSU is only 500mA max output and is telling me I'm using 100mA etc. It especially does NOT like having the top end of the receiver coil connected to one terminal of a CFL for some reason.

@Johnny: Not the first time for me to see those videos, but it won't be the last either There's some amazing information in Eric Dollard's and Peter Lindemann's old videos. Thanks for reposting.

I've also spoken to Tom Brown (the 3rd guy in those old Borderland videos) about energy, physical forms/expressions, Eric Dollard, Tesla, Schauberger etc and he recommended that I read Man Or Matter by Ernst Lehrs

EXPLORATION SCIENCE - Ether Physics

[jonnydavro]

@Slider

the wiring loop was quite fascinating, to need no primary..which I would imagine is the adapter leakage AC component creating the switching of the transistor.

Hi Slider.I have repeated the power lead experiments with a 9v battery and results were the same.This effect is not dependent on the adapter.The leads although at first glance look like a short but they infact form a large L2 coil and must be considered part of the L2 coil as soon as they leave the DC power source.The fact that the coupling between the L2 power leads and the L1 coil is so loose is why the transistor does not explode and testement to the Slayer circuits ability to self regulate.
The output from this small coil is quite amazing and the small gauge wire seems to be able to withstand the 200-300mA that the circuit was using which is good news.I wonder if we could use the plasma as a soldering iron or something?
I will try to replicate your Plasma speaker and let you know how it goes And also try out the coax L2.
Joining the car resoration forum may not be a bad thing but make sure your exciter does not sign you up for some online dating or your wife may put a premature end to your experiments and then where would we be.Jonny

[lamare]

Lamar, in this particular circuit arrangement, the kacher, the primary is fairly irrelevant since it's being controlled by the frequency of the main coil - in this case the 24 turn coil.

I actually modified the drawing to fit your coil design, the one I'm working on is wound around a 4.5" pvc tube with a central 14turn coil with 2 turns for a primary. There are 2 separate coils on either side of this with 115 turns. Neither of the outer coils are directly connected to the central resonator.

I see what your saying about the "balance" with the ground and with a single wound coil your right this would be important for peak performance.

I see, it looked to me the longer coils were connected.

Maybe it's more a matter of taste and theoretic considerations than of practical significance, but I like the single wound coil more than a transformer design.

I have thought about this tonight after I read your post just before I went to bed. Let me share some considerations about why I like a single wound coil more than a transformer, because I feel that everything should be in balance as much as possible.

I think it is important to think about the fact that a coil resonating at a higher harmonic can not be considered to be a lumped element, you have to look at it as a wave guide, and the theories put forth by the Corums describe this in detail.

I added the following note to Eric Dollard's "Theory of Wireless Power" at my wiki:
Tuks DrippingPedia : Theory Of Wireless Power

Dollard models a coil here in great detail. It is interesting to compare this model with Corums model, described here.

"By modeling a wire-wound coil as an anisotropically conducting cylindrical boundary, one may start from Maxwell’s equations and deduce the structure’s resonant behavior. Not only can the propagation factor and characteristic impedance be determined for such a helically disposed surface waveguide, but also its resonances, “self-capacitance” (so-called), and its voltage magnification by standing waves. Further, the Tesla coil passes to a conventional lumped element inductor as the helix is electrically shortened."

This is the article referred to: http://www.tuks.nl/pdf/Reference_Mat...ding_Waves.pdf

Another one is this one:
http://www.tuks.nl/pdf/Reference_Mat...uit_Theory.pdf

Can one model the physical operation of a Tesla coil appropriately with only lumped-element circuits? If not, why not? It was pointed out long ago that, at its operating frequency, a Tesla coil is not a lumped-element induction coil. Forget the quest for "many turns of fine wire". In fact, a Tesla coil has more in common with a cavity resonator than it does with a conventional inductor.

With a real Tesla coil, voltage rise is neither by lumped-element transformer action (E2 = NE1), nor by induction (E2 = M di/dt), nor by simple lumped-element coupled resonance [V2 = V1×(L2/L1)½]. In all of those circuit models the current is analytically presupposed to be uniformly distributed along the wire in the coil (it's in the Neumann integral definition of inductance - see any elementary electromagnetics text) and the voltage will rise proportional to N, the turns along the coil. There are no standing waves on a lumped element circuit component. (In fact, lumped-element circuit theory inherently employs the cosmological presupposition that the speed of light is infinite, as every EE sophomore should know.

However, a true Tesla coil (circa 1894) is a velocity inhibited slow-wave helical transmission line resonator: Vmax = S×Vmin, where S is the standing wave ratio. Voltage magnification is by standing waves. Period.

So, what the Corums are saying in the first article linked is that they consider a coil to be a wave-guiding medium with certain specific characteristics and get very good results with that. Of course, the characteristics of the wave guide differ between a single wound coil with a few taps here and there and a transformer by adding extra windings on top or in between. In other words: you change the waveguide from a nice, smooth "thing" with constant characteristic wave propagation properties into a "thing" that has a few distinct areas with different characteristics, which are hard to predict and control.

I now also understand why you take just a few turns for your primary, because if you take it a full wavelength, you get a stronger coupling which is nice for putting power into the coil, but that bites back because it "wants" to push a current trough caused by the EMF in the oscillating long coil during the time the transistor is "off". So, to balance this out, you would somehow have to give this current a way out, which could possibly be done with a (trimmer) cap. Also very hard to design, balance and control.

With a single wound, tapped coil, you don't have any of these problems. You have a smooth wave guide, with nice constant wave propagation characterics all across the coil, and the current you have to get rid of when you use a separate primary is part of the propagating wave and nicely moves into the adjacent windings without any problems.

So, IMHO the single wound tapped coil is a very elegant implementation of a higher order resonating system, which can be designed pretty easily to be completely balanced, while at the same time avoiding some problems that influence the behavior of a transformer system up to a certain degree. The degree of problems associated with that may not be too big in practice, but they may also be(come) big enough to ruin your party.

Finally, to draw in an old Unix programmer principle: Less is more! Keep it simple (KISS)

BTW: after googling for kacher, I found out that this is being discussed here:
http://www.energeticforum.com/renewa...generator.html

[Slider2732]

@Jonny - thanks for persevering, a test of patience and resolve, but they are worth it
A very enjoyable video, the wiring loop was quite fascinating, to need no primary..which I would imagine is the adapter leakage AC component creating the switching of the transistor.
The inside placed coil and rod were cool too. I'm learning about my own design from your videos
Btw, I tend to run these towers on my workbench, where the PC is. The dinky size makes them easy to work with like that. If I have the mouse lead running near the exciter or power wires the screen goes ballistic with random mouse firings and anything happens ! I think i've inadvertently joined a car restorations forum and a sewing patterns mailing list through such things

@dR - have you noticed that you can partially light a fluoro and then draw your hand lightly along the tube to further light it ? Sometimes a partially lit tube will fully light by doing that. Also, twirly house bulbs can be touched on the twirls to light different areas at say just 3V. I have no idea what happens to the current draw though when doing so.
Another good body effect is to see how far your range is with an LED, then put yourself between tower and LED and the range will increase substantially.

[jonnydavro]

Hi Some really great posts here today and its great to see all these new ideas bouncing about and also the thought and theory behind them.Here is a link to six lectures by Eric Dollard which i think is relevent and a must see.Vid 2 is of particular interest as he demonstrates a Tesla wireless energy setup with no electromagnetic radiation but a large electrostatic field and also talks about energy transfer via the earth.These vids have been widly posted on this forum but many people may not have seen them and they are pure gold by a genius.
‪Part 1 of 6: Eric Dollard Tesla Longitudinal wave Energy SBARC Ham Radio with Chris Carson‬‏ - YouTube
‪Part 2 of 6: Eric Dollard Tesla Longitudinal Wave Energy SBARC Ham Radio with Chris Carson‬‏ - YouTube
‪Part 3 of 6: Eric Dollard Tesla Longitudinal Wave Energy SBARC Ham Radio with Chris Carson‬‏ - YouTube
‪Part 4 of 6: Eric Dollard & Chris Carson Tesla Longitudinal Wave Energy SBARC Ham Radio‬‏ - YouTube
‪Part 5 of 6: Eric Dollard & Chris Carson Tesla Longitudinal Wave Energy SBARC Ham Radio‬‏ - YouTube
‪Part 6 of 6: Eric Dollard & Chris Carson Tesla Longitudinal Wave Energy SBARC Ham Radio‬‏ - YouTube

@Slider.I finally finished winding a slider style coil using 40swg wire on plastic spice container after three weeks winding on and off and it works great .I found the plasma really strong using BD139,BD135 and BC547 I also found out that the way you route your power leads to your L2 coil is very important and must be considered part of the L2 coil as soon as they leave the DC power source.
I also tried a different L2 layout inside the L1 coil wih a ferrite rod which produced good plasma aswell so thanks for sharing your coil designs and this small coil has produced my best plasma to date .I will try it on my Bedini exciter next and let you know how it goes.Cheers and thanks.Jonny.

‪Slayer exciter.Plasma with Slider coil and other tests.‬‏ - YouTube

[dR-Green]

Well this is weird. I'm getting 100 volts on the scope when I touch the top terminal of the reverse direction Tesla coil which is acting as a receiver, 300v when I earth it. I can light fluorescents between the top and earth, although just resting the wire on the topload is sufficient, but when I put my hands near the crocodile cable going to the fluorescent it gets a lot brighter, and input current goes down from 60mA to 50mA. If I actually grab the cable [edit] (the insulation, not any metal) then I seem to turn from something that adds energy TO the system to something that drains energy FROM it, the light gets dimmer and the current draw goes up. In fact it goes completely crazy when I move my hands around the top of the receiver coil.

Similar effect with an AV plug. I rest a straight piece of wire instead of the coil or loop of wire on the top of the receiver, this causes the input to go up to 100mA, but the LED comes on and the fluorescent gets slightly brighter. Touch one of the diode ends, and suddenly the LED gets a lot brighter, so does the fluorescent, and input drops back down to 50mA

[dragon]

Thanks a lot!

Looks like we're heading in the right direction.

With your long coil, you have 24 turns which make up the feedback for your transistor. The connection to earth ground forces a voltage node over there, so you have a voltage antinode a quarter wave further along, at the base of the transistor. So, these 24 turns determine the 1/4 lambda natural harmonic frequency of your coil.

Your total coil length is 384 turns. This divided by 24 gives 16 quarter wavelengths, or 4 full wavelenghts for your coil, which is all right.

However, the 180 turns divided by 24 give you 7,5 quarter wave, or 1.875 full wave, lengths surrounding your 1/4 resonance "exciter" coil so to speak. So, IMHO, you should move some of the windings from the upper half of the long coil to the lower half, such that you fit the nodes/antinodes from your 1/4 wave exciter coil exactly in the long coil.

Since your coil is 384 turns, half of that would be 192. If your would take your earth connection there and the other one 24 turns further, that would leave 192 - 24 = 168 for the rest of that half of the coil. Then the whole thing should be exactly lined out, which should theoretically improve the performance.

So, you would get: 192 - 24 - 168 for L2.

Your L1 coil, which is 2 turns, is waaaay shorter then a full wavelength. So, I would suggest to make that one 24 x 4 = 96 turns (or a few turns less, since I suppose it's wound on top of L2, which gives you a slightly lower resonance frequency), so you have a full wavelength over there too, with both terminals of the coil in phase. Ideally, you wind it such that the outer terminals overlay the current antinodes of your long coil, which would be at the grounded terminal and then every 2*24 = 48 turns.

Lamar, in this particular circuit arrangement, the kacher, the primary is fairly irrelevant since it's being controlled by the frequency of the main coil - in this case the 24 turn coil.

I actually modified the drawing to fit your coil design, the one I'm working on is wound around a 4.5" pvc tube with a central 14turn coil with 2 turns for a primary. There are 2 separate coils on either side of this with 115 turns. Neither of the outer coils are directly connected to the central resonator.

I see what your saying about the "balance" with the ground and with a single wound coil your right this would be important for peak performance.

[Slider2732]

Indeed, giving the notion of my own completed system running for the first time and shown on video, only to get video responses on YouTube of people running their R/C vehicles at the same time, off my circuit
The stuff of dreams...but realisable dreams if we strive to attain them with the tenacity and dedication of Tesla.

The Pierce Arrow is a project for a scale recreation too, running around at a few inches in size by replicated power sourcing.

There's a related effect to dipole preservation, for my mind at least if not in fact, that when powering pulse motors we can derive back spikes that light a neon bulb. Connect anything of a load behind that bulb and the bulb extinguishes. Protecting that neon glow, like some kind of wish to keep it alive has formed some fun experiments with fast diodes, HV caps etc.
Paying for the initial transmitter circuit energy is one thing, how to energise the aether is the problem...which is why i'm intrigued by the Hartley circuit and related work.

Anyhow, I hope to contribute related circuits too and not just words in future posts