Peter, whatever happened with Eric P. Dollard?

[QuarterPole]

Unfortunately as a mathematician, there has to be a consensus on terms,

Not so unfortunate. If a thing is going to be useful, one is going to need an idea of how to use it.

In examining the terms, we find flux is measured as some type of quantity per area element.

These would be the lines of force. Magnetic and dielectric field lines.

Electricity is embodied in the aetheric state of matter, or “proto-matter”. Electricity is aether in a state of dynamic polarization; magnetism is aether in motion, dielectricity is aether under stress or strain. The motions and strains of the aether give rise to electrification. Phi times Psi gives Q.

In defining the hydro-dynamical tubes of force as concrete realities, a distinct phenomenon taking place with the aether, the constitution of the Planck sticks its snout out of the sand. The tubes of force are discrete, fiber-like, quanta as some would say. Experiments by J.J. Thomson indicate this. Lines of force are a quantum phenomenon, distinct concrete entities.

Further, we have the idea of “Planck’s Constant”, any variation in the total density of electric induction Q, in Planck’s, cannot vary continuously but must exhibit its variation in discontinuous, or discrete steps. Hence a distinct quanta Q. We may infer that the union, or CROSS PRODUCT, of a single tube of DIELECTIC induction, with a single tube of MAGNETIC induction, gives birth to a single unit of ELECTRICICATION Q.

So, I think, Psi, Phi, and Q are all just "numbers" that exist at right angles to each other. Maybe we can use Planck's constant and the existing definitions to work backward and see just how many lines are in a Coulomb?

I don't think you need to be apologizing. Nobody else seems to have stood up and said, "I totally understand!" So it can be nothing but helpful if people can ask the right questions.

Peace.

[Logical American]

Acknowledgement

Eric:

I would like to forward to you a work that I believe you will recognize, so how can I do that?

Quarterpole:

Your point is well taken, the search engine brought me in around page 21 or so, so thanks for asking me to back up and reread. There are dozens of questions I could ask, but I had to start somewhere, and thought when Eric was laying a foundation that we could move forward from there.

Unfortunately as a mathematician, there has to be a consensus on terms, and so this is a difficulty that Eric will face, if he wishes to use his definition of Planck. I already referenced the conventional understanding, because I was trying to ferret out the problem with dimensional homogenuity which exists. If we are going to have a discussion with the conventional scientists in an attempt to get them to change their minds (and following the math will do it) then we do need to have the mathematical definitions nailed down.

Pault:

Thanks for causing me to back up to previous posts, the product is indeed Planks/cm^4 as Eric states. However there is something that I need to ask, if (quoting) "The total electrification Q in Plancks is a resultant of the union, of PRODUCT, of a pair of inductions, the total dielectric induction, Psi and the total magnetic induction, Phi", are we not assuming that the orientations are parallel? In examining the terms, we find flux is measured as some type of quantity per area element. If we take a direct product, are we not assuming that the two area elements are parallel? I would appreciate some clarification here on just what exactly union means. Once again, the math will provide the crucial distinctions.

I appreciate everyone's patience.

[pault]

...
I feel it is important to point out that Q is of the dimensions energy-seconds, a quanta of energy * seconds.

Eric does not define Q in energy-seconds. Q (Planck) is weber-coulomb. The product of psi and phi.

Rewind to the post entitled "Energy Defined", wherein Eric discusses the difference between his Q and the "Einsteinischen dimensions of the Planck" (energy-time).

Also can we keep length as dimension 1, knowing that space is of dimension 3?

Rewind to "Continuing with Variation of a Dimension with Respect to Time".

...

pt

[QuarterPole]

Randall, forgive me for assuming, but your reference to this last post by Mr. Dollard as "a" or "the" presentation gives me the impression that you are not aware of the rest of it. I, unfortunately, cannot answer your questions myself, and my experience with math only goes one imaginary layer deep, so I would just ask you whether you have read though the compilation here, and the references cited as "necessary."
Hopefully, we can all help each other to understand this work. I'm still waiting to see who gets the gold star for the Magnetic/Dielectric field ratio question.

[Logical American]

Some questions regarding units

I would like to ask some questions about the presentation "The Eagle Has Landed" because there are particularly critical points that need to be examined and I would like to fully understand what Eric is presenting. I think his ideas are important to properly understand electricity.

One point which is crucial to this is Fourier's principle of Homogenity, which simply states that the dimensions must match. This is so crucial that I mention that even James Clerk Maxwell's 1864 paper, or subsequent revisions as done by Heaviside and Gibbs and others suffer from this problem, but I don't wish to deter from the course of the present discussion.

Eric writes, quoting
--------------
Three dimensions form the primary basis for subsequent relations:
(1) Q, Total Electrification, Planck,
(2) t, Time, Second,
(3) l, Space, Centimeter.
----------------
end quote (abridged)

Let's assume this for the moment and keep homogenity intact. I feel it is important to point out that Q is of the dimensions energy-seconds, a quanta of energy * seconds. Now these are nit-picks, but can we divorce Q of the dependency upon seconds, and keep it pure energy? Also can we keep length as dimension 1, knowing that space is of dimension 3? I trust we can agree on a Cartesian 3d definition at the moment for space. (I am trying to stay mathematically precise here, not be critical of what is written, and I fear that my comments will be mistaken.

It is important to lay a foundation of definitions.

At this moment, I do not understand how Total Electrification applies to energy, but I set that aside.

Eric continues...
quoting
----------------------
Subsequently established has been a series of dimensions and dimensional relationships, save yet Inductance, Capacitance, and the Electric Force. Two primary substantial dimensions were established by divorce from Q.

(1) ?, Total Dielectric Induction, Coulomb,
(2) F, Total Magnetic Induction, Weber.

Derived then are four secondary, or compound, dimensional relations:

(1) I, Displacement Current, Ampere,
(2) E, Electro-Motive Force, Volt,

The laws of induction; and,
(3) e, Electro-static Potential, Volt,
(4) i, Magneto-Motive Force, Ampere,
------------
end quote

Okay, I admit that I am now confused. We have the Coulomb and Weber introduced, then the Ampere and Volt is introduced subsequently and in pairs. I do not have the actual dimension units of energy/time/length connected in anyway to these 4 or 6 terms. I would prefer to use 6 terms, not 4 to avoid the possible confusion later on.

First question:
Can we define the Coulomb and Weber and Ampere and Volt in terms of our 3 fundamental units?

Eric continues...
quoting
-----------------------------------------
The laws of proportion.

Hereby it is we have two Volts and two Amperes:

Volt; Weber per second, E,
Volt; Coulomb per Farad, e,

And

Ampere; Coulomb per second, I,
Ampere; Weber per Henry, i.
-----------------
end quote

Now two new terms are introduced, Farad and Henry.

Second question:

Can we get a formal definition of Farad and Henry?

Eric mentions that energy is Planks per second, but that means that the Plank unit has dimension of energy*seconds. I want to argue that we divorce energy from seconds, and keep it strictly energy units (following Fourier's homogenity principle)

It is mentioned that energy is Plank/second and Power is thought of energy expressed per second or Plank/second^2 so I agree with the definitions as they are dimensionally sound.

Eric mentions the need to cleanse the system of units and dimensions. Might I first introduce the SI base units, so we can make sure that we are not missing or omitting anything?

From NIST (webpage http://physics.nist.gov/cuu/Units/index.html), we read

Table 1. SI base units
Base quantity Name Symbol
length meter m
mass kilogram kg
time second s
electric current ampere A
thermodynamic temperature kelvin K
amount of substance mole mol
luminous intensity candela cd

This is what is called MKS units. We can work with cgs, but for now, please let us stay with MKS units.

Please note that we are omitting discussion of mass (kg) units (presumably substituting energy units, joules, or Plank units, joule-seconds) and thermodynamic temperature K, and moles and luminosity as the last three are not germane to our discussion.

Eric complains about the "Bogo" unit.

Now I admit confusion. We will not work with mass, but energy. I am fine with that. But charge is actually a derived SI unit, and has dimension of ampere * seconds. As to what an ampere actually is, we HAVE to defer this at the present moment and I did ask for a definition of an ampere in question 1.

However I strongly agree with Eric that the subsequent properties such as impedence and admittance are contrived and adjusted to "balance the dimension units" and make things come out all right.

Eric particularly complains about the makeup of the Bogo being grams/Coulomb^2, if I read it correctly. Converting to MKS units, this is kg/(A*s)^2 or kilos/(Amps^2*sec^2)

Carefully looking through the SI derived units, we find two quantities that could apply

magnetic flux weber Wb V·s m^2·kg·s^-2·A^-1
magnetic flux density tesla T Wb/m2 kg·s^2-2·A^-1

Notice that even the NIST leaves the reader to fill in the blanks, you must discern that flux density must be of some examination of flux per unit area (m^2) Also NIST neglected to define V, so obviously it has dimensions of Weber/second or m^2·kg·s^-3·A^-1 if we assume dimensional homogenity.

Now I can begin to understand why Eric is complaining, we are expressing volts in something like meters squared * kilograms / seconds cubed / Amperes.. which is a very long definition indeed!

Even the NIST avoids all these dimensions and takes the easy way out -

electromotive force volt V W/A

As a mathematician, I shake my head and say let's be precise and stay with the dimensions or perhaps all those dimensions are hinting at something that we're missing at the moment.

Now some key statements are made

Quote
---------------
The “Coulomb” here has an adulterated meaning, it is “charge” rather that Total Dielectric Induction. Hence the quotation marks on Coulomb. This is what Steinmetz refers to as a “Prehistoric Concept”. This relation, s, is the significant pathogen so its removal is of primary importance. This factor s is the “Seed of Confusion”.

On the Magnetic side of electrical relations it is for example;

Henry, L, centimeter square

This in the pure form, and its “adapter” is given by,

s, Gram per “Coulomb” square,

Multiplied by,

b, 4*pi times ten to the negative ninth power

Hence the application is given by

L’ equals b*s*L, C.G.S. Henry.
-------------------
end quote

Okay, now I am confused. What is L'? Henry was Weber/ampere, then Weber is m^2·kg·s^-2·A^-1 so I can find an length^2 (area) term. But what about kilogram (energy) and time (seconds) ??

There is some information missing here on how L' = b*s*L

Question three:
Can the dimensions be specified for L' = b*s*L ? The negative 9th power is confusing also.

At the risk of sounding excessively pedantic, I continue with the next part.

Quote:
-------------------
On the dielectric side of the dimensional relations it is for example,

Farad, C, Numeric.

This is in pure form, this dimensionless numeric Farad is based upon the numerical value of one over the speed of light square as has been previously discussed.
------------------
end quote (abridged)

I missed where Farad was defined in terms of 1/c^2. The NIST has capacitance defined as C/V or charge/volt = m^-2·kg-1·s^4·A^2. I admit surprise at seeing time raised to a 4th power and Amperes (current) being squared.

I think Eric is on to something with versors and raising the versor operators to powers and how the operators express an algebra.

Jumping over the next points that Eric raises, I come to

Quote
---------
C’ = C/(b*s*c^2), C.G.S. Farad
---------
End quote

I believe that Eric is referencing some type of definition in the cgs units of electric/magnetic terms. Is it possible to find out what is being specifically referenced? I stayed strictly with the MKS units from the NIST web site, considered the standard today used by the physics community worldwide (note that I am NOT arguing that these units are necessarily correct)

Question four:
Can the source documentation for the presentation against cgs units in electromagnetics be supplied? Are they from cgs electrodynamics? or ? (see my final note below)

Eric makes a key point:

Quote
------------
In order to combine magnetic relations with dielectric relations in an Electro-Magnetic configuration all dielectric relations must be multiplied by one over c square. Magneto-Dielectric relations have not been considered.
------------
End quote

His point that we must carefully consider dielectric relationships is very important, I agree.

I also agree with Eric, but on slightly different principles than dimensional homogenity, that the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle is wrongfully applied, a type of quantum mechanics called "Pilot Wave" theory actually shows that trajectories can be successfully computed for quanta and that precise knowledge of position and momenta may not be exclusively mutual.

Eric continues on with definitions, but I am stuck with the above, before tackling the rest of his presentation and carefully checking the units out, as any good mathematician must.

I would ask forbearance from Eric and trust his goodwill and ask for patience from the readers. I realize that my posting can be considered too mathematically picky, but my own personal experience in the past shows that if the math is correct all else follows, but if the math is wrong, everything quickly falls apart.

It is my hope that Eric's presentation can be formalized, as I recognize that he is doing all of us an invaluable service, of getting those pesky dimensional units correct, and by dimensional analysis, showing us that something is fundamentally flawed in our present day understanding of electrodynamics.

And once again, not even James Clerk Maxwell got his units correct in his 1864 paper, and errors have continued to be propagated this very day, even with the NIST SI units. I believe this is what Eric wants all of us to understand.

If anyone can answer my questions, please feel free to respond. Please understand that I am trying to keep the presentation mathematically correct, as anyone in the world can scrutinize it and it will stand.

- Randall

Final note to this posting:

The chart "Table of Units/Symbols/Dimensions" at the end of "The Eagle has Landed" was not visible to me while creating my comments and questions, so this partially answers question #4 above. I just discovered this now in attempting to post my reply.

[t-rex]

The Eagle Has Landed

We have landed, and it is now possible to understand electricity with complete freedom from the shackles of Physics. We are now entering a New World and it is yet to be discovered what wonders may lay ahead.

We have broken the “Einstein Barrier”. He has been left behind on the Prison Planet, but Oliver has been taken with us. We are not done with him yet. No one will live long enough to exhaust the works of Heaviside, and in all probability, Human Society will not either.

The electrical “System of Units and Dimensions” that have been established and taught in the “Schools” of today is encapsulated in a thick coating of E equals mc square, intermingled with the likes of four pi and one over c square, and peppered with a multitude of arbitrary powers of ten. This system is really a complete, absolute, mess.

In order that we may continue to utilize the established size of the Ohm, Volt, Henry, and etc, and remain in accord with the new system of dimensions that has been presented in my series of writings, a mathematical “adapter” must be derived. This adapter will also make lucid the sheer extent of the mess. (See table at end)

Previously established in my writings has been a concrete dimensional system for the description of the “Electrical Phenomena”. These relations will serve as the screws, nuts, and bolts with which to construct a revised concept of electricity, this in accord with the efforts of J.J. Thomson, Oliver Heaviside, Nikola Tesla, and Carl Steinmetz. We no longer need to be involved in the convolutions of the Pendant, the Mystic, and the Dis-informer. They are back on the prison planet with Albert Einstein.

Three dimensions form the primary basis for subsequent relations:

(1) Q, Total Electrification, Planck,

This is our substantial dimension, the spaghetti, or the milk; and,

(2) t, Time, Second,

(3) l, Space, Centimeter.

These serve as our metrical dimensions, the forgotten past, or the throw-away package.

Subsequently established has been a series of dimensions and dimensional relationships, save yet Inductance, Capacitance, and the Electric Force. Two primary substantial dimensions were established by divorce from Q.

(1) Ψ, Total Dielectric Induction, Coulomb,

(2) Φ, Total Magnetic Induction, Weber.

Derived then are four secondary, or compound, dimensional relations:

(1) I, Displacement Current, Ampere,

(2) E, Electro-Motive Force, Volt,

The laws of induction; and,

(3) e, Electro-static Potential, Volt,

(4) i, Magneto-Motive Force, Ampere,

The laws of proportion.

Hereby it is we have two Volts and two Amperes:

Volt; Weber per second, E,

Volt; Coulomb per Farad, e,

And

Ampere; Coulomb per second, I,

Ampere; Weber per Henry, i.

These four dimensional relations serve the principle needs of Electrical Theory.

A pair of auxiliary dimensional relations are also important. These are given as,

(1) Energy; Joules, or Planck per Second

(2) Activity, or Power; Watt, or Planck per Second Square.

Here we have arrived at eight principle dimensional relations for the understanding of Electrical Theory and Practice. All other dimensional relations are developed from consideration of the Metallic-Dielectric Geometry and the Aether with which it is engaged.

In our effort to cleanse the system of units and dimensions, a foremost extraneous element is the “Bogo”, and its arbitrary powers of ten. The Bogo, bs, is entwined with most electrical units. Its function is to involve all electrical relations with “charge carriers” and E equals mc squared, the pathogens injected by Physics. With lawyer like skill the Bogo has been contrived in such a manner as to simply cancel itself out within most dimensional combinations, remaining itself occult. The Bogo however continues to lurk as a mischievous spirit.

Three primary dimensions make up the Bogo,

(1) Mass, m, Gram

(2) Charge, q, “Coulomb”

(3) Numeric, b, 4*pi*10^-9

A principle dimensional relation in the makeup of the Bogo is given as,

Gram per “Coulomb square”, s.

The “Coulomb” here has an adulterated meaning, it is “charge” rather that Total Dielectric Induction. Hence the quotation marks on Coulomb. This is what Steinmetz refers to as a “Prehistoric Concept”. This relation, s, is the significant pathogen so its removal is of primary importance. This factor s is the “Seed of Confusion”.

On the Magnetic side of electrical relations it is for example;

Henry, L, centimeter square

This in the pure form, and its “adapter” is given by,

s, Gram per “Coulomb” square,

Multiplied by,

b, 4*pi times ten to the negative ninth power

Hence the application is given by

L’ equals b*s*L, C.G.S. Henry.

On the dielectric side of the dimensional relations it is for example,

Farad, C, Numeric.

This is in pure form, this dimensionless numeric Farad is based upon the numerical value of one over the speed of light square as has been previously discussed. The “adapter” is given as the product of

Per (gram per “Coulomb” square),

Per (4*pi times ten to the negative ninth power),

And properly,

Per Velocity of Light Square,

Substituting the relation,

c, Second Square per Centimeter Square

Gives the complete dimensional expression as,

“Coulomb” Square – Second Square

Per

Gram – Centimeter Square

Hence the application of the “adapter” is given as

C’ = C/(b*s*c^2), C.G.S. Farad

In order to combine magnetic relations with dielectric relations in an Electro-Magnetic configuration all dielectric relations must be multiplied by one over c square. Magneto-Dielectric relations have not been considered.

Another most stunning pathogenic relation is what can be called the “Sheisenburg non-functionalability Principle”, Weber equals;

Coulomb – Gram – Centimeter Square

Per

“Coulomb” Square – Second

Yikes Mr. Wizard, don’t let the coyote eat it! This one is surely meant for Davy Jones’ Locker.

Weber equals,….Weber!

How simple, don’t you think? It is a wonder that today’s electrical units are of any use at all.

Next down the line is the removal of mass from the dimensional relations for Magnetic Force, and Dielectric Force.* (*Note: These are tentative relations) In addition the Magnetic force and the Dielectric force must be expressed by the same dimensional relation. Also, the Magnetic force and the Dielectric force are considered to be equal and opposite in magnitude when a certain condition exists. This is the condition when the actual, or forced ratio of magnetic induction, phi, to dielectric induction, psi, is equal to the natural, or characteristic, ratio of magnetic induction, phi, to dielectric induction, psi. Here relates to what is known as the Natural, or characteristic impedance of the Electro-Magnetic system,

Weber per Coulomb, or Ohm

This has yet to be proven, however by intuition it must be correct.

Magnetic force is the product of the following,

(1) Magnetic Permeability, Mu,

(2) Magneto-Motive Force, i,

(3) Displacement Current, I,

These are defined by the dimensional relations,

(1) Mu, Centimeter

(2) Ampere, i, Weber per Henry

(3) Ampere, I, Coulomb per Second

And also

(4) Henry, L, Centimeter Square

The magnetic force is thus expressed by,

Dyne, or Mu-Ampere Square

ƒ = μ*i*I, Dynes.

In dimensional expression this magnetic force is given as

Mu – Weber – Coulomb

Per

Henry – Second

Substituting the relation

Mu per Henry, or Per Centimeter

And also

Coulomb – Weber, or Planck

Gives the dimensional relation for Magnetic Force as,

Planck per Second – Centimeter

Substituting the relation

Planck per Second, or Joule

Gives the final form in dimensional representation for magnetic force as,

Joule per Centimeter, or Dyne.

Likewise for the Dielectric Force,

ƒ = ϵeE

Substituting

e, Coulomb per Farad

E, Weber per Second

And

ϵ, Second Square per Centimeter Cube,

Gives the complete dimensional expression as

Coulomb – Weber – Second Square

Per

Farad – Second

Substituting the relation

Epsilon per Farad, or per Centimeter

And the relation,

Coulomb – Weber, or Planck

Gives the Relation,

Planck per Second – Centimeter,

And substituting,

Planck per Second, or Joule.

Arrived at is the final dimensional expression for dielectric force,

Joules per Centimeter, or Dyne.

It is hereby shown that the magnetic force and the dielectric force are dimensionally equivalent since it is,

Mu per Henry,

Equals

Epsilon per Farad,

Or

Per Centimeter.

This is for the Electro-Magnetic configuration. The Magneto-Dielectric configuration is yet to be investigated. It can be seen that both the magnetic and the dielectric forces, in energy per distance, Joule per Centimeter, represent and “Energy Gradient”, much like “m” and “d”, as previously given.

Turning now to the dimensional relations for mechanical force,

ƒ = ma

Where it is,

ƒ, Force in Dynes

m, Mass in Grams

a, Acceleration in Centimeter per Second Square

Expanding gives,

ƒ = m*l*(t^-2)

The Electro-Magnetic Force is given by the relation

ƒ = Q* (l^-1)*(t^-1)

Taking the ratio of mechanical electrical force, it is,

ƒm/ƒe = n

or

(m/Q)*(l^2)*(t^-1)

Dimensionally it is given as,

Gram – Centimeter Square

Per

Planck – Second

And the relation for mass equivalency is given as,

Gram, m = Planck – Second per Centimeter Square

m = Q*t*(l^-2)

Likewise the quantity equivalence relation

Planck, Q, = Gram – Centimeter Square per Second

Q = m*(l^2)*(t^-1)

The dimensions of Physics and the dimensions of Electricity are hence shown in comparison.





73 DE N6KPH SK

[t-rex]

Prelude, Quadra-Polar Electricity

It has been repeatedly observed in the previous writings that any given dimensional relation, say Volt, Ampere, and etc always exist in a dual relation. This is known since it is e, in volts and E, in volts. The geometric archetype of the electric phenomena is four polar. This polar quadrantal form is well expressed in Native American art forms. These serve as their "Versor Diagrams" for the four polar seasons and lunar positions. These are important for those that "live outside". See "When Stars Look Down" for a good popular, not technical, description of this topic. The quadra-polar concept in the mind of Nikola Tesla resulted in the polyphase motors and generators of todays AC technology.

It is likewise, Inductance and Capacitance are a pair of co-efficients representing a pair of fields, and in turn each representative co-efficient in itself exists as a pair, hence giving the four co-efficients total.

Steinmetz first noticed this quadrature pair of inductances in his study of the AC power transformer. This inductance now exists as a pair of inductances: the Leakage Inductance, L, and the Mutual Inductance, M. The lines of induction for L are at right angles (Space Quadrature) to the lines of induction for M. So it is L and M do not "see each other". Alexanderson utilized this is his magnetic amplifier. Here the saturation flux must be in space quadrature with the power flux. It is then that the two are separated but in the same core. In a metallic-dielectric form it is given as a torroidal magnetic circuit, wound with a pair of metallic circuits, one in winding around the core cross sectional area, the other winding at right angles to the torroidal windings, this being circumferal around the core. (See Alexanderson Patents). Here derived is a "Quadrapolar Inductance Coil". This quadrapolar inductance, LM, serves as a first step towards understanding tesla type transformers. Needless to say P.E.E.E. Pupin rudely declared Steinmetz as un-Maxwell. So Here we go again.

With regard to parameter variation only the first step has been taken. For example:

Henry per 1, or Henry

Henry per 1 second

That is to say

Henry per second, or Ohm

But what about Henry per second square, or what?

Hueristic (see Guillimen) dimensional relations will be utilized as before.


To quote Maxwell "Electricity and Magnetism" volume 1, page 2;

"A knowledge of the dimensions of the units furnishes a test which ought to be applied to the equations resulting from any lengthened investigation. The dimensions of every term of such an equation, with respect to the three fundamental units must be the same. If not, the equation is absurd, and contains some error, as its interpretation would be different according to the arbitrary system of units which we adopt."

Here utilized are the "Three Fundamental Units":

1. Planck

2. Second

3. Centimeter

See "Theorie de Chaleur" by Fourier

Parametric oscillator - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Application of power multiplication to electric power distribution

......Break more to follow .......

[madhatter]

Lamare, this was a point I brought up a couple pages ago and was soundly trounced for it. Eric has mentioned his concern over the loss of proper dimensions, I understand his concern and feel that quaternions hold the key. Hopefully you get a better response, I was chastised for the suggestion.

[lamare]

At this time I am engaged in the study of details for the continuation of Inductance and Capacitance series of writings. The established dimensional relations are N.F.G., even in the writings of C.P. Steinmetz. Too many canceled dimensions thru unit values, and lots of missing versors in space. For example, in Inductance calculations the radius of a circle is a line, the circumference of a circle is a circle. Here we have two distinct co-ordinate systems, or vector expressions, a kind of space quadrature. Thus

c = 2(pi)r Centimeters

is not vectorally complete, it is

c = 2(pi)kr Centimeters

where k is a versor operator. Hence it is that c and 2πr are not interchangeable. Here is an important complication in the dimensional relations for Inductance and Capacitance.

Hi Eric,

First of all, thanks for your reply and input. I am quite busy at work at the moment, because I have only 4 days left before I have vacation and I have to finish some stuff now.

Anyway, I have been studying your "Symbolic Representation of the Generalized Electric Wave" recently and I am beginning to see what you are talking about with your dimensional relations, but I still can't get to the bottom of it.

You wrote:

The established dimensional relations are N.F.G., even in the writings of C.P. Steinmetz. Too many canceled dimensions thru unit values, and lots of missing versors in space.

You definately have a point here, but until I can paint a picture in my head about what is going on, I can't get this stuff straight.

I just looked at what a versor is. Never been thaught about that:
Versor - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Interestingly, this refers to Quaternions, which I have also never been taught about:
Quaternion - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Here we find an interesting detail:

In mathematics, the quaternions are a number system that extends the complex numbers. They were first described by Irish mathematician Sir William Rowan Hamilton in 1843 and applied to mechanics in three-dimensional space. A feature of quaternions is that the product of two quaternions is noncommutative. Hamilton defined a quaternion as the quotient of two directed lines in a three-dimensional space[1] or equivalently as the quotient of two vectors.[2] Quaternions can also be represented as the sum of a scalar and a vector.

This appears to be very similar to what you do in your "Symbolic Representation of the Generalized Electric Wave".

About the scalar part:

Scalar and vector parts

A number of the form a + 0i + 0j + 0k, where a is a real number, is called real, and a number of the form 0 + bi + cj + dk, where b, c, and d are real numbers, is called pure imaginary. If a + bi + cj + dk is any quaternion, then a is called its scalar part and bi + cj + dk is called its vector part. The scalar part of a quaternion is always real, and the vector part is always pure imaginary. Even though every quaternion is a vector in a four-dimensional vector space, it is common to define a vector to mean a pure imaginary quaternion. With this convention, a vector is the same as an element of the vector space R3.

Hamilton called pure imaginary quaternions right quaternions[9][10] and real numbers (considered as quaternions with zero vector part) scalar quaternions.

So, here we have a definition of "scalar" that differs from your definition:
http://www.energeticforum.com/90344-post94.html

Let us turn to the Heaviside Equation which is the most fundamental equations in all of Electrical Engineering:

(RG + XB) + j (XG – RB) = propagation constant squared

where:

R resistance in Ohms
G conductance in Siemens
X reactance in Henrys per second
B susceptance in Farads per second

Therefore:

RG is the scalar or DC component that is NOT A WAVE,
XB is the longitudinal or AC component and is an alternating electric wave

XG is the transverse or OC component and is a forward moving oscillating electric wave. RB is the transverse or OC component and is a reverse moving oscillating electric wave

So, in quaternion notation, the whole term "(RG + XB)" is called "scalar". Clearly, with such a definition, you can have "scalar quaternion waves" consisting of the longitudinal XB component.....

This quaternion 4 dimensional algebra appears to have some particular property along with real and complex numbers, which is that these are isomorphic:
Frobenius theorem (real division algebras) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

In mathematics, more specifically in abstract algebra, the Frobenius theorem, proved by Ferdinand Georg Frobenius in 1877, characterizes the finite-dimensional associative division algebras over the real numbers. According to the theorem, every such algebra is isomorphic to one of the following:

R (the real numbers)
C (the complex numbers)
H (the quaternions).

These algebras have dimensions 1, 2, and 4, respectively. Of these three algebras, the real and complex numbers are commutative, but the quaternions are not.

This theorem is closely related to Hurwitz's theorem, which states that the only normed division algebras over the real numbers are R, C, H, and the (non-associative) algebra O of octonions.

Since I had no idea what that is, I looked it up:
Isomorphism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Isomorphisms are studied in mathematics in order to extend insights from one phenomenon to others: if two objects are isomorphic, then any property that is preserved by an isomorphism and that is true of one of the objects, is also true of the other. If an isomorphism can be found from a relatively unknown part of mathematics into some well studied division of mathematics, where many theorems are already proved, and many methods are already available to find answers, then the function can be used to map whole problems out of unfamiliar territory over to "solid ground" where the problem is easier to understand and work with.

So, this quaternion stuff seems to be well worth studying. It appears to be very similar to what you do in your "Symbolic Representation of the Generalized Electric Wave", while at the same time it appears to be even more general and may even be capable of being extended to the dimension of time, because this is a 4 dimensional algebra...


BTW, did you note that the Russian paper he referred to about parameter variation has recently been translated into English?
http://www.tuks.nl/pdf/Reference_Mat...ion%201934.pdf

[Kokomoj0]

The entire system of “Units and Dimensions” for electrical work as they exist today are an incongruous quagmire force fit to Einstein’s E equals mc square. Electricity is a “mass free” phenomena. This is given by Dr. Wilhelm Reich in his “Cosmic Superimposition”. Mass has no place in Electrical Units and a directive is issued to remove it from said units and dimensions. The question of mass is touched upon by Oliver Heaviside in his “Electro-Magnetic Theory” Vol I, pages 337 to 339.

I added a couple more as they are "very" interesting!

[Raui]

Great to hear from you Eric. Here are the references for the above;
Explosion at the Shipyard References.zip
Travelling Waves on Transmission Systems
Electromagnetic Theory Volume 3

Sorry everyone for my absence, I'm very busy trying to get the house finished off with my father because the majority of the family is coming over from NZ for new years. I'll probably be absent for at least 2 weeks but I'll pop in as much as I can.

Raui

PS: Lessismore I had a quick look at your equations and I think that might be it but I'll let Eric be the judge

[t-rex]

Explosion at the Shipyard, N.F.G.

Lieutenant Junior Grade, U.S.N. Albert Einstein is seated before five senior officers at a Judge Advocate General Board of Inquiry. It has been convened at Pearl Harbor Naval Shipyard. Lt. J.G. Einstein is the defendant and the Board is about to issue it’s verdict. The charges are very serious.

It seems that Mr. Einstein utilized a college physics textbook, in lieu of Bureau of Ships directives, in performing operations on a shore power connection. Mr. Einstein employed “his understanding”, as derived from Physics, “Maxwell’s Equations”, in determining the connections for a shore power transformer bank (480V at 1500 KVA). Seaman Lopez was directed by Lt. J.G. Einstein to make the “backward” connections, but Lopez knew the outcome would spell disaster. He learned in his Naval Electricians Mate training that the connection would cross phase, however Mr. Einstein berated Lopez, as Einstein’s Princeton University education overshadowed “Electricity Schools”. Lopez was reminded that to refuse orders would result in a Captains Mast and possible Court Martial under the U.C.M.J. A terrified Lopez closed the switch and was killed in the blast. Four more were injured and the Shipyard was without power for several hours.

Lieutenant Junior Grade Albert Einstein was pronounced –guilty- by the Board. He received a life sentence at Leavenworth Federal Prison. The next day the Chief of Naval Operations issues the following directive to all Fleet Commanders. It reads in part; At 0000 hours U.T.C. Dec 21, 2012 the following order is in effect: The use of Physics Texts in any and all Naval Operations is henceforth PROHIBITED. The next day a Presidential Order is signed abolishing the practice of teaching Electrical Principles by Physicists. (But the Mayan Calendar says we will not make it that far)

We have reached the Final Proclamation. It can no longer be avoided. It is that the “Laws of Physics” find no application in the understanding of Electricity for the Electrical Scientist. The Physicist is best regarded as a subversive from an enemy country, and his efforts best suited for the development of “Weapons of Mass Destruction.”

The entire system of “Units and Dimensions” for electrical work as they exist today are an incongruous quagmire force fit to Einstein’s E equals mc square. Electricity is a “mass free” phenomena. This is given by Dr. Wilhelm Reich in his “Cosmic Superimposition”. Mass has no place in Electrical Units and a directive is issued to remove it from said units and dimensions. The question of mass is touched upon by Oliver Heaviside in his “Electro-Magnetic Theory” Vol I, pages 337 to 339.

Art. 189, Internal Obstruction and Superficial Conduction
On page 339, “In the limit, with no resistance (perfect conduction) it never gets in at all. Where then is the current?” There is none.

It is further found that the existing system of units are infected with useless constants such as 4*pi and one over c square, as well as a multitude of arbitrary powers of ten. The systems of units as they exist today are pure N.F.G. This is given by Heaviside, same Volume I, pages 116 to 123.

Art. 90, “The eruption of the 4*pi”

Art. 91, “The origin and the spread of the Eruption.”

Art. 92, “The cure of the Disease by Proper Measure of the Strength of the Sources.”

Art. 93, “The Obnoxious Effect of the Eruption.”

Art. 94, “A Plea For the Removal of The Eruption by the Radical Cure.”

Here now the Primary Directive is issued: Rationalize the system of units and dimensions. Remove all “pathogenic” dimensional relations, MASS IN PARTICULAR. This will follow shortly. (Also, on this matter see “Impulses, Waves, Discharges”, Steinmetz, pages 14 & 15.)

Lamare has pushed forward these writings in order to accommodate the “Moon-bounce Initiative”. Hence certain introductory material for the “Youngsters” must be passed over for now. This “act of genius” on the part of Lamare must in itself be pushed forward; An International Ham Contest to disprove Einstein, (but do not ask the A.R.R.L.). Wow Mr. Wizard, that sounds like loads of fun. Lets get started today.

It should be noted however that Lamare is taking a most difficult path. His route lacks any definite engineering formulation but let me draw his attention to C.P. Steinmetz and the treatment of a related situation. It is found in “Theory and Calculation of Transient Electric Phenomena”, “Transients in Space” and section on “Velocity of Propagation of the Electric Field, Capacity of a Sphere”. When the one over c square and the 4*pi*10^-9 are eliminated, the velocity of propagation of the dielectric field is an independent variable. These relations were given by myself at the International Tesla Society in my lecture “Hysteresis of the Aether”. The P.E.E.E., QRM and Dis-infos were conspicuously absent from this presentation! I wonder why?

It is however, that the Telluric Transmission Networks of N. Tesla are completely engineer-able. This is also true for the U.S.N. Alexanderson systems of transmission. The Rogers U.S.N. system also should be noted. The Tesla “thru the Earth” radio has been rendered mere technical details by the writings of L.V. Bewely, Blume, Steinmetz, and Dollard. In particular note Bewely, “Traveling Waves on Transmission Systems,” chapter on single winding waves, and Dollard, “Condensed Introduction to the Tesla Transformer”, and “Theory of Wireless Power” section on coil Coil Calculations. The Tesla Magnifying Transmitter is now an engineer-able reality, this for any competent radio engineer. The 160 meter Ham Band, (1.8 – 2.0 Megacycle per sec.) is the perfect spot for our “International Contest.” My longitudinal videos show the construction of a “160 meter” flat spiral transformer. These medium wave frequencies along with large paths of transmission on a quadrant of the Earth make velocity determination possible. Note that Tesla’s drawing indicates that velocity depends on the cosecant of the latitudinal angle, it is infinity at the poles and luminal at the equator, if anyone ever bothered to look at the fine print. The pi over two is the effective velocity between the limits of c and infinity. There is no longer any excuse for not implementing Tesla Transmission on the Ham Bands, none!

Now the Coyote has to puke. Up comes the goo & mucus of undigestable matter, what a mess. Forget the Bearden fecal matter, Forget the Corum carrion. IT IS ABSOLUTELY USELESS. This material is Pathogenic, also from another standpoint. There are Journalistic Interest, such as the B.B.C. & etc. that sometimes turn a favorable ear to Tesla concepts. For these interested to get mired in a concatenated sequence of falsehoods & misconceptions is the “Kiss of Death” to any public awareness. It also illegitimizes “The Work” in the eyes of Scientists & Engineers. Puke it up once and for all!

The Bearden zealot stands at the bottom of the utility pole, exclaiming to the lineman on top, replacing a missing cross-arm brace, “You lose half your power in that 33KV line (50% efficient) because you don’t pump the Scalar Waves.” The irritated Lineman drops the brace and now must climb down to retrieve it. Angered, the Lineman slams his fist into the mouth of the yac-yac, knocking him to the ground and shouts, “This Line is 98% efficient you moron.” What more can I say, Heaviside E.M. Theory, Vol III, page 1, art. 450.

Adagio. Andante, Allegro Moderato.

“There is a time for all things: for shouting, for gentle speaking, for silence; for washing of pots and the writing of books. Let the pots go black, and set to work. It is hard to make a beginning, but it must be done.” Oliver Heaviside

73 DE N6KPH

P.S. It would be nice if someone puts all the aforementioned references, in part if too lengthy, on the Energetic Forum, this for easy review by the causal observer.

[lessismore]

DC Transmission Line II (6 of ?)

So do the computed Inductance and Capacitance from part 1 give the same answer as part 4 when plugged into equation for characteristic impedance?



Close, but not as good as I would have expected.

The equation used for L was:



The term

is the inductance from the magnetic flux inside the conductor. Notice when the magnetic force was being computed in part 2 that this term dropped out of the calculation. The term does not cause L to vary as s varies so it does not contribute to the magnetic force. What happens when this term is left out of the L calculation?



Which does give 645KV for a 1000A current.

This is a fair match! But it also demonstrates that I have assumed that the transmission line is lossless.

[Kokomoj0]

The gradients here are in “series”. This condition exists within the “lumped” capacitors and inductors. These gradients constitute “Forces” within the Lines of Induction and can be considered longitudinal in nature.

DE N6KPH.

So I read that, that the aether then would have a specific density that may be considered as a frictional element to movement like water to a boat, air to a bullet.

So with the presumption nothing can move without friction it stands to reason that the aether has some hysteresis effect on induction, as both magnetic lines of force and electric corpuscles polarize it through induction, c in the case of magnetiic induction and pi/2*c in the case of dielectric induction. is that possible or must it be independent or external to the boundary medium?

For the difference in speed I presume we can make an analogy to a razor sharp slender boat-tail bullet (dielectric induction) moving through water versus a flat nose bullet (magnetic induction), through water, the latter as quadrature has more frictional loading.

Now we can also shoot a bullet through water, air and outer space and (by a very loose widely expansive analogy) generically label those mediums a state of aether, each having a different frictional loading dependent on what is being accelerated through it, which begs the question just how many states of aether are possible.

It would appear that if we are looking toward the lumped sum, that any design for LMD transmission would start with maximizing the impulse response, first and foremost, as the main design criteria, and that the terms LC would be based on the permissivity with respect to the desired (loading) capacity, of the sum of the series and system capacitance, whereas the inductance serves mainly as a required element to create the boundary for minimizing losses, the self resonant pump, and provide for the impedance matching function to manage and produce an ideal or maximized impulse transfer and electrostatic to current conversion between mediums? That is a rather oversimplification and touches on the hilites but is this close for horseshoes throw. . . point to start?

So presuming that is correct, proper design, application etc is yet another story completely that I have far more questions than answers on where to begin.

Then of course there is monopole versus dipole, which is very hard to wrap my brain around as it has the appearance to remove the duality concept that literally everything in the universe is based on.

[t-rex]

Metrical Dimensional Relations of the Aether

In order to establish the dimensional relations regarding the calculations of the Inductance of the magnetic field, and the Capacitance of the dielectric field, metrical dimensional relations must be applied to the Aether. It is however we really know very little of anything quantitive about this Aether. Names like J.J. Thomson, N. Tesla, G. Le-Bon, W. Crookes, and Mendelev, all have an important role in the Electrical Engineer’s understanding of the aether concept. The physical representation of the Aether as an ultra-fine gas has been qualitivly established, this gas relating to the “Pre Hydrogen Series” of the un-abridged Periodic Table of the Elements. In an analogous compliment is the Trans-Uranium Series of the currently known Periodic Table of the Elements.

This gaseous Aether is the seat of electrical phenomena thru the process of its polarization. This polarization gives rise to induction, which then gives rise to stored energy. Tesla gives a good presentation of his Aether ideas in his “Experiments with Alternate Currents of High Potential and High Frequency.” Given in previous chapters has been the Planck, Q, as the primary dimensional relation defining the “Polarized Aether”, this as an “Atom of Electricity”. It is however, from the views of J.J. Thomson, the Coulomb, psi, the total dielectric induction is the primary dimension defining the “Polarized Aether”. Thomson developed the “Aether Atom” ideas of M. Faraday into his “Electronic Corpuscle”, this the indivisible unit. One corpuscle terminate one one Faradic tube of force, and this quantified as one Coulomb. This corpuscle is NOT and electron, it is a constituent of what today is known as an electron. (Thomson relates 1000 corpuscles per electron) In this view, that taken by W. Crookes, J.J. Thomson, and N. Tesla, the cathode ray is not electrons, but in actuality corpuscles of the Aether. The lawyer like skill of today’s theoretical physicist (Pharisee) has erased this understanding from human memory, it is henceforth sealed by the Mystic Idol of Albert Einstein. If Einstein says no, then it is impossible. What a nice little package.

However, as Electrical Engineers we can give a “Flying Foxtrot” about Einstein, or about bar room fights over the constitution of the Aether. The City of Los Angeles wants its electricity and our job is to get it there intact. How to accomplish this begins with the understanding of Inductance and Capacitance. These represent the energy storage co-efficients of the electric field of induction, this induction in turn a property of the Aether. Magnetic Inductance is thus a dimensional relation for the magnetic properties of the Aether, and Dielectric Capacitance is thus a dimensional relation for the dielectric properties of the Aether. Inductance and Capacitance are thus the application of metrical dimensional relations to certain characteristics of the Aether.

For the magnetic induction the Aetheric relation is known as the magnetic “Permeability”, for the dielectric induction the Aetheric relation is known as the dielectric “Permittivity”. These two terms were so named by Oliver Heaviside. Here the Permeability is denoted as Mu, the Permittivity as Epsilon. These two relations represent the “Magnetic Inductivity” and the “Dielectric Inductivity”, respectively. This pair of dimensional relations, Mu and Epsilon, in conjunction with the metrical dimensional relations defined by the metallic-dielectric geometry bounding the electrified Aether, constitute the dimensional relations of Inductance and Capacitance. It is therefore the Inductance and the Capacitance, L and C are in, and of, themselves metrical dimensional relations. They consist of not substancive dimensions, they are not substantial, they are metrical.

The substancive dimensional relation of Dielectric Induction, psi, in Coulomb, is combined with the metrical relation of Capacitance, C, in Farad, giving rise to the compound dimensional relation of electro-static potential, e, in Volt.

(1) Coulomb, Psi, substantial

Farad, C, metrical

Volt, e, compound, substantial and metrical.

The Farad “operates upon the Coulomb, giving rise to the Volt.

Likewise, the substancive dimensional relation of Magnetic Induction, Phi, in Weber is combined with the metrical dimensional relation of Inductance, L, in Henry, giving rise to the compound dimensional relation of magneto-motive force, I, in Ampere

(2) Weber, Phi, substantial

Henry, L, metrical

Ampere, I, compound, substantial and metrical

The Henry “operates” upon the Weber, giving rise to the Ampere.

The permittivity, as a factor of Capacitance, and the Permeability as a factor of Inductance represent aspects of the medium bounded by the metallic-dielectric geometry. Mu represents the magnetic aspect, Epsilon the dielectric aspect of this medium, be it Aether or 10-C oil. Here it should be noted that the electrical activity is contained solely within the Dielectric Medium, not within the metallic portion of the geometry which bounds it. Again, the basic theory of J.C. Maxwell.

The concept of gradients is here again evoked. These gradients,

(3) Volt per Centimeter, d

(4) Ampere per Centimeter, m

can be represented each in a pair of forms, these giving four gradients total. One form represents the gradient co-linear with the tubes of force themselves, these considered as circuits. The gradients here are in “series”. This condition exists within the “lumped” capacitors and inductors. These gradients constitute “Forces” within the Lines of Induction and can be considered longitudinal in nature.

The alternate form of gradient exists broadside to the tubes of force. Here the inductive forces appear as “fronts” and the gradients can be seen as in “parallel”. This condition exists along the span of the long distance A.C. transmission line. This is,

(5) Volt per Span, d’

(6) Ampere per Span, m’

Here the gradients exist perpendicular or transverse to the Lines of Induction.

Hence, as given, the dielectric gradients, d, and d’, as well as the magnetic gradients, m, and m’, can in general exist each as space quadrature pairs, and as such can represent versor magnitudes in space. See Space Versor part in “Theory of Wireless Power”, by E.P. Dollard. Here again basic electrical relations exist in the archetypal four polar form. The dielectric and the magnetic relations each can be expressed as a pair of versor sub-relations, or four relations total. It may be inferred that both the Inductance and the Capacitance each can be expressed in a pair of distinct forms. This is for (3) and (4) THE “Mutual” Capacitance in per Farad, and the “Mutual” Inductance in per Henry, respectively. For (5) and (6) it is the “Self” Capacitance, in Farad, and the “Self” Inductance, in Henry, respectively. Hereby the four co-efficients of induction,

(I) The Electromagnetic co-efficients;

(a) Self Inductance in Henry, L

(b) Self Capacitance in Farad, C

(II) The Magneto-Dielectric co-efficients;

(a) Mutual Inductance, in Per Henry, M

(b) Mutual Capacitance, in Per Farad, K

The co-efficient, M, may be called the “Enductance” and the co-efficient, K, may be called the “Elastance”. This four polar condition will be considered later on. In what follows will be in terms of the transverse electro-magnetic form, self Inductance and self Capacitance.

The Law of Magnetic Proportion is expressed by the dimensional relation,

(7) Weber, or Ampere – Henry

And for the Law of Dielectric Proportion,

(8) Coulomb, or Volt – Farad

The gradients of the Inductance and the Capacitance, are given as, for the magnetic,

(9) Henry per Centimeter, or Mu,

And for the dielectric,

(10) Farad per Centimeter, or Epsilon.

Hereby taking the Inductance gradient, Mu, and the Capacitance gradient, Epsilon, and substituting these into the Law of Magnetic Proportion and the Law of Dielectric Proportion, respectively, the product of the resulting magnetic and dielectric relations gives

(11) Weber – Coulomb per Centimeter Square

Equals

Volt – Ampere – Mu – Epsilon

Substituting the following relations

(12) Mu – Epsilon, or Gamma Square, (Metric)

(13) Weber – Coulomb, or Planck, (Substancive)

And substituting (12) and (13) into (11) gives

(14) Planck per Centimeter Square, or
Volt – Ampere – Gamma Square

Since it is that

(15) Volt – Ampere equals Planck per Second Square

Substituting (15) into (14) and canceling the Plancks, produces the dimensional relation

(16) Per Centimeter Square

Equals

Per Second Square – Gamma Square

Rearranging this relation, the product (11) gives the definitive metrical dimensional relation

(17) Gamma Square

Equals

Second Square per Centimeter Square

Or thus

(17a) Gamma Square, or one over Velocity Square

And it has been determined that this velocity is the velocity of light. This is to say, the product of the Magnetic Permeability, Mu, and the Dielectric Permittivity, Epsilon, is one over the velocity of light square. This relation is the very foundation of the theory of Electro-Magnetic Wave Propagation thru the Aether, this in a transverse induction form. It is a T.E.M. bounded wave. Hence the product Mu – Epsilon is a fundamental metrical relation of the “Luminiferous Aether”, the carrier of light.

It must be remembered that here it is both Mu and Epsilon represent transverse relations only, and thus useful only in a Transverse Electro-Magnetic metallic-dielectric geometrical form.

Break, more to follow.

DE N6KPH.