What Cracks Water?

[Splitwater]

TO: The Director of NIST
National Institute of Science Technology
director@nist.com March 30, 2012

Subject: Energy Grant to Determine the Flash Point of Water Vapor or Steam.

For the last 30 years, I have been pondering why everyone believes that Water Vapor will not burn; since, there are many clues that tell us water vapor cracks under rapid heat and produces a White Light, but does not support combustion.

For example:
1. The Edison Light Bulb flashes water vapor, which is precisely controlled during the manufacturing process of same, and may hiss, internally.
2. The Coleman Lantern, when it hisses, is flashing water vapor, claim I.
3. The Sun, the Stars and Comets burn Hydrogen, after water cracks, claim I.
4. A-55 Clean Fuel with a 19:1 compression ratio, claims Gunnerman.
5. Hexamine Fuel, if combustion is perfect, and it hisses, claim I.
6. Acetylene Torches, when they hiss, burns Hydrogen, claims others.
7. Lightning flashes water vapor and explodes the Hydrogen, claim I.
8. Many Fireworks, Gunfire or Tracer Bullets flash water vapor.
9. Meteorites (when they enter Earth’s Atmosphere) streak, yet have no engines.
10. Saint Elmo’s Fire cracks water, which only occurs after a “Lightning Strike”.
11. Re-entry of any space vehicle causes Hydrogen to burn. How?
12. Paraffin or gasoline fires flash if water is used to extinguish the flames, like during the 911 fires.

Plus, I’ve seen St. Elmo’s Fire and the hissing of Hexamine Fuel during my patent experiments with Hexamine, several years ago. And, I have witnessed water added to a paraffin camp stove fire, which shot flames over 6 feet in the air, while burning the Hydrogen released from water. But, if you decide to try this, try only outdoors, heat wax on a barbeque grill in a tin cup until it starts burning, spontaneously. Then, add water from a small shot glass, very carefully, and expect a flame-thrower reaction!

Therefore, I suspect that the “Flash Point” of Water Vapor is slightly below the melting point of Lead, or around 700° F., and can be created with Internal Combustion Pressure in any Diesel Engine with a Compression Ratio of about 19.5:1 or more. (Rudolph Gunnerman used a Mercedes 180-D with19:1 for most of his experiments with D-55.)

Therefore, I claim to have discovered this phenomenon of Nature, over 65 years ago, while dropping water droplets on a “Red Hot” pancake grill, but did not fully understand it, like Cavendish, Edison, Tesla, Meyers, Coleman and many others, during their lifetime of observations and experiments.

Sincerely,
James H. Armistead, Inventor (age 79)
Gen. Delivery (Homeless)
Laughlin, NV. 89029
shakespirit@gmail.com

[Cherryman]

Not sure what you claim but good old wikipedia:

In fact, at 2500°C, electrical input is unnecessary because water breaks down to hydrogen and oxygen through thermolysis.

[Cherryman]

Not sure what you claim but good old wikipedia:

In fact, at 2500°C, electrical input is unnecessary because water breaks down to hydrogen and oxygen through thermolysis.

Or WWII planes, they added water as well to gain power.

Flash boiling is not gaining heat, but gaining pressure (expansion)

[Splitwater]

Lightning only cracks at high altitude.

But, Lightning ignites the Hydrogen, which creates more expansion, pressure and explosions near the Earth vs. at high altitude!

[evolvingape]

Thermal decomposition - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Water, when heated to well over 2000 °C, decomposes to its constituent elements:

2 H2O → 2 H2 + O2

Superheated water - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

All materials change with temperature, but water shows changes which are much greater than would be expected from temperature considerations alone. Viscosity and surface tension of water drop and diffusivity increases with increasing temperature. Self-ionization of water increases with temperature, and the pKw of water at 250°C is closer to 11 than the more familiar 14 at 25°C. This means that the concentration of hydronium ion (H3O+) is higher, and hence the pH is lower (although the level of hydroxide (OH-) is increased by the same amount so the water is still neutral). Specific heat capacity at constant pressure also increases with temperature, from 4.187 kJ/kg at 25°C to 8.138 kJ/kg at 350°C. The dielectric constant (relative permittivity) decreases significantly as the temperature rises, which has a significant effect on the behaviour of water at high temperatures.

700 degree Fahrenheit = 371.1111111 degree Celsius

Approximately supercritical point of water, at which the distinct liquid and vapor phases of water become indistinguishable from each other, however this is molecular vapor (steam) not atomic gases (hydrogen and oxygen).

Steam explosion - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

A steam explosion (also called a fuel-coolant interaction, FCI) is a violent boiling or flashing of water into steam, occurring when water is either superheated, rapidly heated by fine hot debris produced within it, or the interaction of molten metals (e.g., Fuel-Coolant Interaction of molten nuclear-reactor fuel rods with water in a nuclear reactor core following a core-meltdown). Pressure vessels (e.g., pressurized water (nuclear) reactors) that operate above atmospheric pressure can also provide the conditions for a rapid boiling event which can be characterized as a steam explosion. The water changes from a liquid to a gas with extreme speed, increasing dramatically in volume. A steam explosion sprays steam and boiling-hot water and the hot medium that heated it in all directions (if not otherwise confined, e.g. by the walls of a container), creating a danger of scalding and burning.

Steam explosions are not normally chemical explosions.

A steam explosion can occur when something superhot like lava hits water, huge amounts of energy are transferred, and massive steam expansion occurs as the water seeks to balance. Steam flash off also occurs the other way when for example a boiler at high pressure is vented, like in a tank blow off event, and the liquid being exposed instantly to atmospheric pressure causes the water to seek to balance and this manifests as flash off steam with approximately 20 -30% of the liquid phase changing to steam instantly. Common event in steam systems.

I designed the Linear Firing Valve around all of these principles to attempt to crack water vapor via HHO adiabatic detonation, thermolysis, and plasma ionisation of noble gases (electrically and thermally) during rapid high pressure and velocity changes:

HHO Pulse Combustion Turbine by RM

PLASMICS

Rob

[Splitwater]

Electrolysis of Water

Cavendish was the first to notice that an electrical current would split water into Hydrogen & Oxygen, with Hydrogen being released at the Negative Pole in a DC Circuit.

But, is electricity really needed?

The Negative Pole of any electrical circuit collects heat first.
So, a Spark in a Spark Plug does not ignite the gasoline.
But, the heat on the negative point of a spark plug will, about 5 ms. after the spark jumps the gap!

So, will a pulsating DC Curent, like Meyers used in his conversion of water to Hydrogen Fuel, work better and faster than what Henry Cavendish discovered?

And, is the frequency of the DC Pulse important, like Tesla may have discovered?

[evolvingape]

Super Lightning

But, Lightning ignites the Hydrogen, which creates more expansion, pressure and explosions near the Earth vs. at high altitude!

Giant Lightning to Space

Super Lightning?? - Hypography Science Forums

Not much information about on super lightning but basically it is lightning that goes upwards from the clouds into space. The scientific establishment has kept this quiet for many decades. They first noticed it when airplanes flying above the cloud layers got hit by lightning and damaged or destroyed.

The reason is that lightning is caused by a high voltage charge imbalance between the ionosphere and the earth. This potential difference is somewhere in the region of 400,000 Volts up to millions of Volts with massive Currents:

Ionosphere - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Atmospheric electricity - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

However the PTB do not want you to know about it because it proves that the solar system is an electrical circuit. So you have a huge pressure difference measured in Volts between the Ionosphere (positive) and Earth (negative ground) and also a circuit going the other way Ionosphere (positive) and space ( negative ground).

Birkeland current - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Birkeland current - (The Plasma Universe Wikipedia-like Encyclopedia)

So you could in theory place a large mass in geostationary orbit around the earth and tether it to the ground using super strong carbon nanotubes and tap the electrical potential of the Earth's electricity system for free continuous power forever, as long as the Sun is burning and we have an atmosphere that is. But I don't bother talking about this because the PTB are the only ones with the technology to do it, and if they did do it they would still charge you for the priviledge, which is why I focus my research on systems you can control personally.

Rob

Adding this external link from one of the references in case you miss it:

Electric Currents

Dynamical Characteristics of Plasmas

It is the global dynamics and systematic interactions of astrophysical plasmas that allow energy to be conveyed over great distances. The evolution of cosmic plasma that includes its structuring into cells results in a relative motion, however slow, of plasma clouds whose dimensions may be measured in hundreds or megaparsecs or gigaparsecs. All plasma clouds may be considered a system: they are coupled by electrical currents (charged particles beams) they induce in each other. These beams are the source of energy transfer from large, slow moving plasma to smaller plasma regions that may release the energy abruptly or cause local plasmas to pinch to the condense state.
Power Generation and Transmission

On earth, power is generated by nuclear and nonnuclear fuels, hydro and solar energy, and to a much lesser extent, by geothermal sources and magnetohydrodynamic generators. Always, the location of the supply is not the location of major power usage or dissipation. Transmission lines are used to convey the power generated to the load region. As an example, abundant hydroelectric resources in the Pacific Northwest of the United States produce power ($\sim $1,500 MW) that is then transmitted to Los Angeles, 1,330 km away, via 800 kV high-efficiency dc transmission lines. In optical and infrared emission, only the load region, Los Angeles, is visible from the light and heat it dissipates in power usage. The transmission line is invisible.

This situation is also true in space. With the coming of the space age and the subsequent discovery of magnetospheric-ionospheric electrical circuits, Kirchoff's circuit laws were suddenly catapulted to dimensions eight orders of magnitude larger than that previously investigated in the laboratory and nearly four orders of magnitude greater than that associated with the longest power distribution systems on earth.

On earth, transmission lines consist of metallic conductors or waveguides in which energy is made to flow via the motion of free electrons (currents) in the metal or in displacement currents in a time varying electric field. Often strong currents within the line allow the transmission of power many orders of magnitude stronger than that possible with weak currents. This is because a current associated with the flow of electrons produces a self-magnetic field that helps to confine or pinch the particle flow. Magnetic-insulation is commonly used in pulsed-power technology to transmit large amounts of power from the generator to the load without suffering a breakdown due to leakage currents caused by high electric potentials.

There is a tendency for charged particles to follow magnetic lines of force and this forms the basis of transmission lines in space. In the magnetosphere-ionosphere, a transmission line 7-8 earth radii in length ($R_e$ = 6,350 km) can convey tens of terawatts of power, that derives from the solar wind-magnetosphere coupling. The transmission line is the earth's dipole magnetic field lines along which electrons and ions are constrained to flow. The driving potential is solar-wind induced plasma moving across the magnetic field lines at large radii. The result is an electrical circuit in which electric currents cause the formation of auroras at high latitude in the upper atmosphere on earth. This aurora mechanism is observed on Jupiter, Io, Saturn, Uranus, and is thought to have been detected on Neptune and perhaps, Venus.

Only the aurora discharge is visible at optical wavelengths to an observer. The source and transmission line are invisible. Before the coming of space probes, in situ measurement was impossible and exotic explanations were often given of auroras. This is probably true of other non in situ cosmic plasmas today. The existence of a megaampere flux tube of current, connecting the Jovian satellite Io to its mother planet, was verified with the passage of the Voyager spacecraft.

[Splitwater]

Maxwell Theories

James Clerk Maxwell claimed that all energy from the Sun was electrical, in nature, after finding unpublished papers of Henry Cavendish, who was related to the Duke of Kent in England. Maxwell or Cavendish claimed the Light was Electricity, etc.

Which, may explain how Heat is transmitted 93 million miles through a "perfect vacuum", which is the best insulator, known to Man!

So, GO Figure the math! Will "Thermopane" Insulated Windows stop the Heat from the Sun?

[Aaron]

sun emissions

Maxwell claimed that all energy from the Sun was electrical, in nature.

Which, may explain how Heat is transmitted 93 million miles through a "perfect vacuum", which is the best insulator, known to Man!

So, GO Figure the math!

There is no heat transmitted from the sun. There is infrared, which is not heat itself until it has molecules to react with (Earth's atmosphere).

The same applies to light in the visible spectrum.

[Savvypro]

Just to add to what Aaron had said.

Space isn't a "perfect vacuum", if it was - you couldn't see or detect anything.
Space just has very little matter compared, to say the atmosphere.

[wrtner]

Everyone's suggestions are pretty hard work.

I favour John Worrell Keely.

He slammed water with 42.8khz (sound) and the water "dissociated".
What is interesting is that Visaton has a high frequency sound driver, an
HF horn, which has a response from 3khz - 40khz. When the driver
gets to 42.8khz, the graph will have dropped a fair amount, but
there should be sufficient power for our purposes.

Of course, the legendary Bob Boyce uses 42.8 (along with 21.4 and 10.7)
electrically in his 101 plate electrolyser.
Paul-R

[jibbguy]

John Kanzius disassociated and ignited water (H and O gas) with 13.56 MHz RF waves, which was the specific frequency for salt water of the same salinity as the oceans (on average). The resultant flame was over 1,500 deg. C , and the open demonstration device, that was not even optimized for efficiency, used 200 watts of electrical energy to do it.

He discovered this while searching for a cure for cancer in 2007 .

This amazing discovery was verified by both an independent lab in Akron, Ohio; and at Dr. Rustum Roy's lab at Penn State University; and reported on by a Cleveland Ohio television station, "WKYC" in two video segments and by another local TV news station in Florida, but "strangely" it was never mentioned in the national networks.

Sadly, both Mr. Kanzius and Dr. Roy have passed away and this technology immediately fell into a black hole and has never been heard from since (Penn State was involved in studying the "energy" part, but the "cancer cure" part of it that used RF to kill cancer cells without damaging healthy tissue, went to a university in Texas). After Dr. Roy's death in September 2010, Penn State is on the record as denying being involved in any way with the technology, although publicly broadcast video of the equipment being wheeled into Dr. Roy's lab exists along with interviews with several of the research scientists there (Dr. Roy was a tenured department head at that university).

[Bizzy]

John Kanzius disassociated and ignited water (H and O gas) with 13.56 MHz RF waves, which was the specific frequency for salt water of the same salinity as the oceans (on average). The resultant flame was over 1,500 deg. C , and the open demonstration device, that was not even optimized for efficiency, used 200 watts of electrical energy to do it.

He discovered this while searching for a cure for cancer in 2007 .

This amazing discovery was verified by both an independent lab in Akron, Ohio; and at Dr. Rustum Roy's lab at Penn State University; and reported on by a Cleveland Ohio television station, "WKYC" in two video segments and by another local TV news station in Florida, but "strangely" it was never mentioned in the national networks.

Sadly, both Mr. Kanzius and Dr. Roy have passed away and this technology immediately fell into a black hole and has never been heard from since (Penn State was involved in studying the "energy" part, but the "cancer cure" part of it that used RF to kill cancer cells without damaging healthy tissue, went to a university in Texas). After Dr. Roy's death in September 2010, Penn State is on the record as denying being involved in any way with the technology, although publicly broadcast video of the equipment being wheeled into Dr. Roy's lab exists along with interviews with several of the research scientists there (Dr. Roy was a tenured department head at that university).

Good afternoon
Mr Kanzius lived about a mile and half from me and I know of three people who actually saw the machine ignite water. It was also on the local TV for several months before he passed away
It is strongly rumored that the technology to ignite water was sold to do further cancer testing with the machine. Although no one can say who it was sold to for how much or who received the money for it. There were other rumors going around town that Westinghouse purchased the concept but no one knows for sure.
Bizzy

[jibbguy]

Interesting, but "Westinghouse" as an actual electrical / electronics / nuclear industry corporation died many years ago.

Westinghouse Electric (1886) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

As we can see its very convoluted and difficult to follow... now actually "Viacom" of all things, a cable corporation lol... but that was never really the industrial part. The divisions that finally ended up with G.E. through proxy's (the nuclear and some of the defense), could have been the ones who got it, if the rumor is true. Up until several years ago at least, i knew they were still using the name. They were being sneaky about it because G.E. was the only remaining competitor in nuclear, and that would have "broken anti-trust laws"

[Bizzy]

Interesting, but "Westinghouse" as an actual electrical / electronics / nuclear industry corporation died many years ago.

Westinghouse Electric (1886) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

As we can see its very convoluted and difficult to follow... now actually "Viacom" of all things, a cable corporation lol... but that was never really the industrial part. The divisions that finally ended up with G.E. through proxy's (the nuclear and some of the defense), could have been the ones who got it, if the rumor is true. Up until several years ago at least, i knew they were still using the name. They were being sneaky about it because G.E. was the only remaining competitor in nuclear, and that would have "broken anti-trust laws"

Hi jibguy,
I just talked to one of the people I mentioned who actually saw the demonstration. He said that he knows for certain it was indeed sold. But he does not know to whom. Kanzius Cancer Reserch FGroup received the money for it.

He also heard Westinghouse, although he doubts that....in addition to Westinghouse he also heard that GE bought the concept...GE is also in Erie so he doubts that as well since everyone in Erie, knows atleast two people who work in GE and we haven't heard anything about it....he also heard several forign energy research companies were inquiring about it...however he strongly thinks it is the US Energy Department .
In a city as small as Erie, rumors are more common than colds and easier to catch Regardless teh water burning design WAS sold.
Bizzy