Ions
Ions
If an atom has more or less electrons than protons, that atom acquires an electrical charge. A shortage of electrons results in a positive charge; an excess of electrons gives a negative charge. The element's identity remains the same, no matter how great the excess or shortage of electrons. In the extreme case, all the electrons might be removed from an atom, leaving only the nucleus. However, it would still represent the same element as it would if it has all its electrons. A charged atom is called an ion. When a substance contains many ions, the material is said to be ionized.
A good example of an ionized substance is the atmosphere of the earth at high altitudes. The ultraviolet radiation from the sun, as well as high-speed subatomic particles from space, result in the gases' atoms being stripped of electrons. The ionized gases tend to be found in layers at certain altitudes. These layers are responsible for long-distance radio communications at some frequencies.
Ionized materials generally conduct electricity well, even if the substance is normally not a good conductor. Ionized air makes it possible for a lighting stroke to take place, for example. The ionization, caused by a powerful electric field, occurs along a jagged, narrow channel. After the lightning flash, the nuclei of the atom quickly attract stray electrons back, and the air becomes electrically neutral again.
An element might be both an ion and an isotope different from the usual isotope. For example, an atom of carbon might have eight neutrons rather than the usual six, thus being the isotope C14, and it might have been stripped of an electron, giving it a positive unit electric charge and making it an ion. Taken from: Teach Yourself Electricity and ... - Google Book Search
I stand corrected in some of my thinking, thanks Gauss I was wrong about the charge for the water mist has a negetive charge and the unstable oxygen atoms have a positive charge. Thanks for making me go back to the books .
In this we can see what Stanley Meyer did, after the gas processor has stripped the oxygen atoms of electrons the screen mesh grid of the electron extraction circuit consumes the stray electrons thus not allowing the oxygen atoms to restabilize. The coherent light sources are chosen to hit at oxygens wavelengths, therefore targeting the oxygen atoms in the incoming air supply.
The injectors work the same way a Taylor cone works for the most part. They give the water a negative charge by passing it through a positive voltage potential zone, and that charge creates an ever expanding plume of ever decreasing size water droplets that repel each other. This aids in mixing for the water molecules will not combine to form larger droplets but break up into smaller ones insted.
Now to go over the science part once again. Looking at the reactions to break and form the water molecule:
4 H-O 459 kJ/mol bonds are broken taking 1836 kJ/mol to do so.
2 H-H 436 kJ/mol bonds 872 kJ/mol and 1 O=O bond 498 kJ/mol are formed yeilding 1370 kJ/mol.
This is why all scientist say it takes more energy to break the bonds of water than you get from combining them, for the net sum of the reaction is negative, -466 kJ/mol.
With the unstable oxgyen atoms stripped to the four energy level we get:
2 H-H bonds 872 kJ/mol and 1 O=O bond 7469.2 kJ/mol are formed yeilding 8341.2 kJ/mol. The net sum of the reaction now is 8341.2-1836 = +6505.2 kJ/mol. The unstable oxygen atoms have more than enough energy to break the water molecules down, and the resulting reactions net sum is positive. In the most basic sense the water molecule was placed in an atmosphere that is capable of water combustion through this controled modified envirnment that is being created by the Gas Processor and Electron Extraction Circuit.
Again if I made any mistakes feel free to point them out, but please do so in the scientific way. I hope this helps in your understanding Guass, for even when I do make errors it doesn't change the way the Gas Processor and Electron Extraction Circuit work to make it possible to have water as a fantastic new fuel source.
h2opower.
Ions
If an atom has more or less electrons than protons, that atom acquires an electrical charge. A shortage of electrons results in a positive charge; an excess of electrons gives a negative charge. The element's identity remains the same, no matter how great the excess or shortage of electrons. In the extreme case, all the electrons might be removed from an atom, leaving only the nucleus. However, it would still represent the same element as it would if it has all its electrons. A charged atom is called an ion. When a substance contains many ions, the material is said to be ionized.
A good example of an ionized substance is the atmosphere of the earth at high altitudes. The ultraviolet radiation from the sun, as well as high-speed subatomic particles from space, result in the gases' atoms being stripped of electrons. The ionized gases tend to be found in layers at certain altitudes. These layers are responsible for long-distance radio communications at some frequencies.
Ionized materials generally conduct electricity well, even if the substance is normally not a good conductor. Ionized air makes it possible for a lighting stroke to take place, for example. The ionization, caused by a powerful electric field, occurs along a jagged, narrow channel. After the lightning flash, the nuclei of the atom quickly attract stray electrons back, and the air becomes electrically neutral again.
An element might be both an ion and an isotope different from the usual isotope. For example, an atom of carbon might have eight neutrons rather than the usual six, thus being the isotope C14, and it might have been stripped of an electron, giving it a positive unit electric charge and making it an ion. Taken from: Teach Yourself Electricity and ... - Google Book Search
I stand corrected in some of my thinking, thanks Gauss I was wrong about the charge for the water mist has a negetive charge and the unstable oxygen atoms have a positive charge. Thanks for making me go back to the books .
In this we can see what Stanley Meyer did, after the gas processor has stripped the oxygen atoms of electrons the screen mesh grid of the electron extraction circuit consumes the stray electrons thus not allowing the oxygen atoms to restabilize. The coherent light sources are chosen to hit at oxygens wavelengths, therefore targeting the oxygen atoms in the incoming air supply.
The injectors work the same way a Taylor cone works for the most part. They give the water a negative charge by passing it through a positive voltage potential zone, and that charge creates an ever expanding plume of ever decreasing size water droplets that repel each other. This aids in mixing for the water molecules will not combine to form larger droplets but break up into smaller ones insted.
Now to go over the science part once again. Looking at the reactions to break and form the water molecule:
4 H-O 459 kJ/mol bonds are broken taking 1836 kJ/mol to do so.
2 H-H 436 kJ/mol bonds 872 kJ/mol and 1 O=O bond 498 kJ/mol are formed yeilding 1370 kJ/mol.
This is why all scientist say it takes more energy to break the bonds of water than you get from combining them, for the net sum of the reaction is negative, -466 kJ/mol.
With the unstable oxgyen atoms stripped to the four energy level we get:
2 H-H bonds 872 kJ/mol and 1 O=O bond 7469.2 kJ/mol are formed yeilding 8341.2 kJ/mol. The net sum of the reaction now is 8341.2-1836 = +6505.2 kJ/mol. The unstable oxygen atoms have more than enough energy to break the water molecules down, and the resulting reactions net sum is positive. In the most basic sense the water molecule was placed in an atmosphere that is capable of water combustion through this controled modified envirnment that is being created by the Gas Processor and Electron Extraction Circuit.
Again if I made any mistakes feel free to point them out, but please do so in the scientific way. I hope this helps in your understanding Guass, for even when I do make errors it doesn't change the way the Gas Processor and Electron Extraction Circuit work to make it possible to have water as a fantastic new fuel source.
h2opower.
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