The Truth About Tesla

[Farmhand]

And this reference to low frequency, from here.
Nikola Tesla On His Work With Alternating Currents -- Chapter IV

Counsel

That is what I want you to explain. I must be mistaken, because my conception does not fit in with your statements.

Tesla

All right, I will explain that.

In my first efforts, of course I simply contemplated to disturb effectively the earth, sufficiently to operate instruments. Well, you know you must first learn how to walk before you can fly. As I perfected my apparatus, I saw clearly that I can recover, of that energy which goes in all directions, a large amount, for the simple reason that in the system I have devised, once that current got into the earth it had no chance of escaping, because my frequency was low; hence, the electro-magnetic radiation was low. The potential, the electric potential, is like temperature. We might as well call potential electric temperature. The earth is a vast body. The potential differences in the earth are small, radiation is very small. Therefore, if I pass my current into the earth, the energy of the current is stored there as electromagnetic momentum of the vibrations and is not consumed until I put a receiver at a distance, when it will begin to draw the energy and it will go to that point and nowhere else.

And a few lines below is this.

Counsel

Now, if you were giving that a name, what principle would you say was involved by which the radiation loss, where there is no receiver, becomes a gain or a conservation where there is a receiver?

Tesla

There is no radiation in this case. You see, the apparatus which I devised was an apparatus enabling one to produce tremendous differences of potential and currents in an antenna circuit. These requirements must be fulfilled, whether you transmit by currents of conduction, or whether you transmit by electromagnetic waves. You want high potential currents, you want a great amount of vibratory energy; but you can graduate this vibratory energy. By proper design and choice of wave lengths, you can arrange it so that you get, for instance, 5 percent in these electromagnetic waves and 95 percent in the current that goes through the earth. That is what I am doing. Or, you can get, as these radio men, 95 percent in the energy of electromagnetic waves and only 5 percent in the energy of the current. Then you are wondering why you do not get good results. I know why I do not get good results in that way. The apparatus is suitable for one or the other method. I am not producing radiation in my system; I am suppressing electromagnetic waves. But, on the other hand, my apparatus can be used effectively with electromagnetic waves. The apparatus has nothing to do with this new method except that it is the only means to practice it. So that in my system, you should free yourself of the idea that there is radiation, that energy is radiated. It is not radiated; it is conserved.

A clear statement that a properly constructed Tesla Transmitter can also be
used to give off electromagnetic waves. Depending on how it is used.

Cheers

[Aether84]

frequency confusion

Tesla states repeatedly that the frequency should be fairly low he gives
figures of 20 Khz, 35 Khz and so forth.

Page 3 lines 35 to 41
Patent US787412 - NIKOLA TESLA - Google Patents



Uploaded with ImageShack.us

I would be very surprised if anyone could find reference to him using above 50 Khz at Colorado Springs.

Cheers

a lot of people do get confused by tesla using the term frequency. what tesla means by frequency is not cycles per second. he meant impulse per second discharging from a capacitor

[Farmhand]

Well Aether, I disagree. He is talking about the wavelength. Clearly.

Could you post some references of Tesla's words to verify he used high
frequency with "all" of his wireless transmission setups. ?

We are after the truth here, not opinions. Are we not ?

Was the Wardenclyffe setup the same as the Colorado Springs setup, or were
the coils different ?
What frequency was he planning to use at Wardenclyffe ? Seems if this one or
two points could be cleared up beyond reasonable doubt then a lot of fog would
clear.

Cheers

[LetsReplicate]

Well Aether, I disagree. He is talking about the wavelength. Clearly.

Cheers

You are both right, but Farmhand is more correct.

When Tesla talks about frequency, he is referring to impulse frequency. Wavelength refers to "impulse return time". The two terms are interchangeable as frequency and time are an inversion of each other (1/t=f). The "less than 20kHz" refers to both his expected impulse frequency and estimated "odd multiple of 1/4 wavelength".

There is no significant difference between "cycles per second" and "impulse per second discharging from a capacitor".

tesla used very high frequency & voltage currents and they have a lot more in common with static electricity than electromagnetism. so the earth wouldnt give much resistance to the electricity.

static electricity doesn't need a good conductor as electromagnetism doe's

I'm not not going to get on your case for the use of the term "voltage currents", but you should refrain from using it as it makes electrical engineers cringe.

Tesla would have been using rotary spark gaps to manage impulse frequency. It is remarkably difficult to achieve high frequencies by mechanical means. The Very High Frequency (VHF) band doesn't begin until 30Mhz. 30 million impulses per second would take several hundred thousand rotations per second (millions of RPM), with many, many poles on the rotor (over 30). I don't think even Tesla was capable of making that work.

The Earth has a large amount of inductance due to its metal mass which increases in impedance (resistance) as frequency increases. "High frequency" signals are not capable of traveling across the planet and returning. This includes impulse as each pulse produces opposing currents (Lenz's Law) that hinder following pulses that are too close together. That is the reason why Tesla primarily worked in Low Frequency (LF) or lower.

Static electricity refers to "voltage without current". Tesla explicitly states in court records that many people have misinterpreted his work to believe that he is using "90% voltage and 10% current" when his systems were really "90% current and 10% voltage". He goes on to talk about how current is more efficient because it can be fully recovered while voltage, especially radiated voltage, is wasted. Sending static into the Earth would have been a complete waste because the pulse would never return. Static is a "non-moving" (it only "moves" by electrostatic inductance, which is not current and therefore does not cause electromagnetism) electrical field that has a desire to be neutralized (voltage), but nowhere to go to do it (large resistance to ground). If the static field reaches Earth ground there is no longer any resistance to the field being neutralized.

[boguslaw]

Patent 787412.
LetsReplicate you are wrong about the nature if this current, this is soundlike vibration in charge or longitudinal waves of electrostatic , one of two kinds of waves predicted by Maxwell and supposedly the one he throw away as improbable according to Gerry Vassilatos ( I have no direct reference of this statement)

[Farmhand]

In the Colorado springs notes Tesla mentions on page 117 of the PDF or p122 of
the document a break rate of 1200 breaks per second and on page 155 of the
PDF or 160 of the document he mentions 4200 breaks per second. The period of
the secondary was more like 40 to 50 thousand per second, from what I have
read so far, I haven't read it all. Obviously the secondary frequency was much
more than the break rate of his rotary spark gap.

In the patent he is clearly referring to the wavelength because he says,
"the frequency should be smaller than twenty thousand per second, though
shorter waves might be practicable." He then says that six per second would be
the lowest frequency and would give "but one node at or near the ground plate".

Cheers

[WNT]

i disagree with this entire thred as the auther is a tool !

clearly has no clue of my work or teslas or his own for that matter .. this is well proven .. clearly a book reader only ...

you have no right to speek of my work .. and it is clear to me you do not understand it ..

you have proved thease facts .. so true.. with your own actions ..

W
maybe they will test out my toys on you aether84.. you have no controll over what they choose to do to you ...

think about it ...

i have thought about you ...

[WNT]

the stinging sensations talked about by Joseph Henry are most likely particles in the atmosphere that are accelerated by the powerful electric field from the coil

you have no idea! this is total bull sh!t

i have burnt my hands several times ...

and many of those times are to do with more than just x ray ...

yawn .. i need not explain my work .. and espically to someone years behind myself ..

go build something insted of reading everyone esles experiences.. and acting as there your own ..

there not there mine ... how can i say there mine? and how do i know who i was in my lastlife.. ?
well im reliveing it real time agin ..right now ... and i see no other being born of this planet stand up and produce the toys i have and understand them as i do with out reading years of teslas work ..

all i have seen are foolish people claim my work as there own ..

W

and then ofcourse .. the famous death ray ... dont ya know everyone is a master with the imaginary death ray ...
the whole world knows how it works ... sheesh!
good god! how could anyone know how it truely works .. as they dont understand my kick yet ... or my basic spinners .. let alone my rays !

my work is a wonderful thing .. as all roads point only to my kick !
a song for ya ..
FREE ENERGY - LUMINARIES ft. Aishah - ELEVATE - YouTube
fact gather round the momonts now !

like the towers you all toppling ..down
CUZ IM ENERGY .........FREE ENERGY
ITS TIME TO FREE ENERGY !
W THE 3RD INDRUSTIAL REVELUTION

IM ENERGY HOW YA DOING !
do you know why im me ?.. i already told all you all ! but just incase you missed my work .. lol
heres a picture this is what made me and keeps me away from you

everywhere i go and everyone that knows me knows i must stand alone ... its all part of the game ...

my game .. and i play to win!
W

im ~in~da~glow~ ! and my crystal children follow me everywhere i go !

so whats in my hand aeather84 .. your so smart do tell me what is in my hand ? and sets me apart from every other soul on earth?

and that other goof that yells troll and i get banned ... he can go fu#k himself dummy!

you all know when i hold a crystal in my hand .. my energies are so sencitive i can feel when i hit a magnetic or saclar wall .. via the crystal ...


hehehehehe if i can feel it i can send it ...

watch it !
its kinda amazing what it can do to DNA
so keep steeling my baby toys .. and i will keep growing bigger better faster and stronger !
those are the facts ...
how do i know .. i know why you dont know ...
whats in my hand ?
id rather sit and build .......
Saul Williams Amethyst Rock - YouTube

[Farmhand]

tesla did use short wavelengths only a couple of millimeters

Counsel

And you had a wave frequency of what?

Tesla

Between 200,000 and 250,000. That was simply wave frequency; that did not mean anything here because I was transmitting through a conductor. I was not radiating energy into space

Yes well, I think you'll find he was referring to the first system of transmission where he used the terminals at high altitude Patent US649621 - NIKOLA TESLA - Google Patents

The one where he used a column of air altered to match the conditions of the
atmosphere 4 1/2 miles up to transmit through for the patent examiner.

Nikola Tesla On His Work With Alternating Currents -- Chapter IV

Here it is in context. Your quote is in bold.

This [Fig. 78] is a diagram representing the arrangement of apparatus as in a practical experiment which I performed before G.D. Seeley, Examiner in Chief, U.S. Patent Office, on the 23rd of January, 1898. This experiment illustrates a great departure I had made a little prior to that date. Up to the end of 1896, I had been developing the wireless system along the lines set forth in my lecture which is in the Martin book, particularly in the chapter on Electrical Resonance, pages 340-349. As I stated then, if that plan of mine was practicable, distance meant absolutely nothing; distance merely came into consideration when you flashed rays, electro-magnetic or Hertzian waves, or some agency of that kind. By the plan I had conceived, if it was realizable, it was just as easy to telegraph or telephone across the entire globe as it is across this room.

Developing along these lines, my effort was first to have the biggest possible capacity because I had shown that, theoretically, the effect would be dependent upon the quantity of electricity displaced. The quantity of electricity displaced is proportionate to the capacity. Therefore, in order to realize my scheme, it seemed necessary to employ the biggest possible capacities that could be practically constructed; that was my idea at the beginning.

But I knew also that even with a big capacity, if I connected it to the ground, through a generator, there still would be a frequency high enough to cause a considerable loss of energy in the production of the Hertz or electromagnetic waves; consequently, I had to employ also a very large inductance. Thus, my system was based on the proposition that I employ a very large inductance and a very large capacity and, furthermore, that I raise the potential of the source so high, by resonance, as to displace a quantity of electricity big enough to affect sensibly not only the near portions of the globe, a distance of 100 miles or so, but the whole globe.

In [my] Houston Street laboratory, I had already satisfied myself that it could be done. But in experimenting with these high potential discharges which I was always producing, I discovered a wonderful thing. I found, namely, that the air, which had been behaving before like an insulator, suddenly became like a conductor; that is, when subjected to these great electrical stresses, it broke down and I obtained discharges which were not accountable for by the theory that the air was an insulator. When I calculated the effects, I concluded that this must be due to the potential gradient at a distance from the electrified body, and subsequently I came to the conviction that it would be ultimately possible, without any elevated antenna -- with very small elevation -- to break down the upper stratum of the air and transmit the current by conduction.

Having discovered that, I established conditions under which I might operate in putting up a practical commercial plant. When the matter came up in the patents before the Examiner, I arranged this experiment [shown in Fig. 78] for him in my Houston Street laboratory.

I took a tube 50 feet long, in which I established conditions such as would exist in the atmosphere at a height of about 4 1/2 miles, a height which could be reached in a commercial enterprise, because we have mountains that are 5 miles high; and, furthermore, in the mountainous regions we have often great water power, so that the project of transmitting it, if the plan was rational, would be practicable.

Then, on the basis of the results I had already obtained, I established those conditions, practically, in my laboratory.

I used that coil which is shown in my patent application of September 2, 1897 (Patent No. 645,576 of March 20, 1900), the primary as described, the receiving circuit, and lamps in the secondary transforming circuit, exactly as illustrated there.

And when I turned on the current, I showed that through a stratum of air at a pressure of 135 millimeters, when my four circuits were tuned, several incandescent lamps were lighted.

Counsel

What did you use as the source of energy in your primary transmitting circuit, at the time you demonstrated this apparatus to Examiner Seeley?

Tesla

I used a break, a mechanically rotating break, which was charging a condenser 5,000 times a second, as I described in my patent Number 645,576 of March 20, 1900.

Counsel

What was the voltage that was generated?

Tesla

The voltage was about 4 million volts.

Counsel

You say you used a break, which I understand to be a rotary spark gap. What was the original source of power?

Tesla

The original source of power was an alternator which I employed regularly there, from which I could get about 30 horsepower in ordinary experimentation. It was a machine of a frequency of about 60 cycles.

Counsel

And that was connected in circuit with the condenser and a gap in the well-known way of your oscillators?

Tesla

Yes.

Counsel

Then you got from that, by means of a rotary gap, about 5,000 sparks?

Tesla

Yes, 5,000 per second, and I transferred [these] to a frequency of 200,000 to 250,000 per second. Pardon me for saying, I had arranged for the Examiner to make this demonstration with a high frequency alternator; but just as the work was pressing I tried it and could not get the necessary tension with it, otherwise I would have used the alternator. But in this other way, I could get the 4 million volts I needed; that is the reason why the experiment was made with this kind of apparatus.

Counsel

And you had a wave frequency of what?

Tesla

Between 200,000 and 250,000. That was simply wave frequency; that did not mean anything here because I was transmitting through a conductor. I was not radiating energy into space

He was not referring to his ground transmission system there.

Patent US1119732 - ELECTRICAL ENERGY - Google Patents

Cheers

[WNT]

bravo! bro

this is why i come here ..




great job !

W

[LetsReplicate]

Patent 787412.
LetsReplicate you are wrong about the nature if this current, this is soundlike vibration in charge or longitudinal waves of electrostatic , one of two kinds of waves predicted by Maxwell and supposedly the one he throw away as improbable according to Gerry Vassilatos ( I have no direct reference of this statement)

I have never seen anything that indicates that the waves used by Tesla differed from the transverse waves (voltage-magnetic) from current telecommunications theory. He may have claimed that they differed but those were statements from before the theory of the wave's functionality was fully worked out in which case they were mostly arguments about what properties they had. That doesn't mean there are actually 2 waves.

There is still no solid proof that longitudinal waves are electrostatic and the current theory on the subject says that the they only exist between 2 resonating antennas with a linked ground, this may be corrected by Lamar's moon bounce project but until then: current theory stands. It is highly likely that "longitudinal waves" are the free space acting like a capacitor, so the transferred energy is dynamic (voltage-current) instead of static (just voltage). While dynamic energy moving though a capacitor looks like a wave, it is highly questionable because no energy actually moves across the dielectric. Statics produce "ion winds" (voltage-charge density) instead of moving like a sound wave. Ion winds do move straight and are likely what Maxwell was predicting, they are the result of electrostatic induction.

Tesla also believed that he received radio transmissions from martians when in reality they were from Marconi's tests. Does the fact that Tesla (or anybody) claimed it make it gospel? No. His work needs to be taken into the light of current understanding. Shouting out Maxwell's name as support for a claim is exactly like tagging Tesla's name to support a claim. Maxwell was was ONLY doing math; that puts him on par with Einstein and we all know how many of Einstein's assumptions didn't work out exactly as predicted. What makes Maxwell's unfinished math so much more credible that Einstein's finished and verified math?

i use the term Static electricity because tesla continually talked about - Electrostatic Forces & rapidly varying electrostatic fields in his lectures so i dont think the term is out of place there

(Static electricity refers to "voltage without current")

not completely lightning is a good example - tesla's electrostatics had both high current & voltage like lightning does

Lightning is not "static electricity", it is a current that neutralizes static electricity. Arcing is the conversion process between "normal electricity" (dynamic electricity) and electrostatics. By the same token a capacitor is electrostatic when it is charging, but not when it is discharging. The extension of that is that the fields Tesla generated at the top of the a Tesla coil were electrostatics and those fields never moved, only neutralized by arcing, or bled out electrostatic induction.

Electrostatics were only in use at sky end of Tesla's "grounded tower" in Colorado Springs, and in the spark gaps/capacitors. The Earth bounce itself was a standard voltage-current (dynamic electricity) pulse with high intensity.

Static electricity refers to the build-up of electric charge on the surface of objects. The static charges remain on an object until they either bleed off to ground or are quickly neutralized by a discharge. Static electricity can be contrasted with current (or dynamic) electricity, which can be delivered through wires as a power source.[1] Although charge exchange can happen whenever any two surfaces come into contact and separate, a static charge only remains when at least one of the surfaces has a high resistance to electrical flow (an electrical insulator). The effects of static electricity are familiar to most people because people can feel, hear, and even see the spark as the excess charge is neutralized when brought close to a large electrical conductor (for example, a path to ground), or a region with an excess charge of the opposite polarity (positive or negative). The familiar phenomenon of a static 'shock' is caused by the neutralization of charge.

[amigo]

you have no idea! this is total bull sh!t

i have burnt my hands several times ...

and many of those times are to do with more than just x ray ...

yawn .. i need not explain my work .. and espically to someone years behind myself ..

go build something insted of reading everyone esles experiences.. and acting as there your own ..
.....

ist (innovation_station) is that you?

[GSM]

Longitudinal 'waves' ?

Did Tesla use this term ? Or merely use a descriptive analogy ?

THERE ARE NO 'WAVES' !!!!!
Tesla did not like Hertz or educationalists using the 'transverse wave' term either.

Everyone watch the Eric Dollard's demo of him transmitting energy from garage to beach - with a whopping great hill in between ? Or Meyl's replications ?
Forget Eric's string demos - how did the energy get there - not via any stringy 'waves' - neither Hertzian nor longitudinal.

All electromagnetic radiation is photonic - related to electron orbit excitation - no matter which eventual x-y-z axis polarisation the resulting radiation.

Free space is excitable and has a natural impedance related to same, but doing so implies static field coupling. This is not electromagnetic *radiation*.

Current visual explanations relating to electromagnetic 'waves' are no more than the inculcation of a belief system which intentionally hinders understanding - and - keeps us within the expertly closed box !

[boguslaw]

Did Tesla use this term ? Or merely use a descriptive analogy ?

THERE ARE NO 'WAVES' !!!!!
Tesla did not like Hertz or educationalists using the 'transverse wave' term either.

Everyone watch the Eric Dollard's demo of him transmitting energy from garage to beach - with a whopping great hill in between ? Or Meyl's replications ?
Forget Eric's string demos - how did the energy get there - not via any stringy 'waves' - neither Hertzian nor longitudinal.

All electromagnetic radiation is photonic - related to electron orbit excitation - no matter which eventual x-y-z axis polarisation the resulting radiation.

Free space is excitable and has a natural impedance related to same, but doing so implies static field coupling. This is not electromagnetic *radiation*.

Current visual explanations relating to electromagnetic 'waves' are no more than the inculcation of a belief system which intentionally hinders understanding - and - keeps us within the expertly closed box !

Please explain simpler Does it imply that it propagates only via electrons excitation ? What about vacuum ?

[braden]

Please explain simpler Does it imply that it propagates only via electrons excitation ? What about vacuum ?

This may add some light
ESSAY NO. 13

BERLIN LECTURE: LECTURE NO. 27